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Ionic Compounds
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Chemical bond | -the force that holds two atoms together -formed by the attraction of positive and negatives |
How do atoms form an octet? | -octect: full outer energy level |
What is a cation? How does it form? What types of elements lose electrons? | -cation: a positively-charged atom -forms when atoms lose electrons -metals lose electrons |
What is an anion? How does it form? What types of elements lose electrons? | -anion: a negatively charged atom -forms when electrons gain electrons -nonmetals gain electrons |
The electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in an ionic compound is an: | ionic bond |
What is an ionic compound? | compounds that contain ionic bonds |
Binary compounds contain: | a cation and an anion (ex: NaCl) |
Charge of group 1 | +1 |
Charge of group 2 | +2 |
Charge of group 13 | +3 |
Charge of group 14 | +4 |
Charge of group 15 | -3 |
Charge of group 16 | -2 |
Charge of group 17 | -1 |
Charge of group 18 | no charge |
What is a crystal lattice? | -the repeating pattern of particle packing in an ionic compound -shap and pattern may vary based on ions |
Properties of ionic substances | -high melting/boiling point -solid at roomn temperature -brittle -molten solids conduct electricity 0awueous solutions conduct electricity -one particle is referred to as a formula unit |
Why do molten or aqueous solutions conduct electricity? | -in a solution of molten ions of an ionic bonds break apart (dissociation) -solids can't conduct electricity because they have bonds intact |
Endothemric | -take in heat |
Exothermic | -release heat |
The formation of ionic compounds from positive and negative ions is always | Exothermic |
What is a formula unit? | -the very simplest ratio of ions in an ionic compound |
What is a monotomic ion? | -elements when you can get their charge off of the periodic table |
How to write a formula for a binary ionic compound | -name the metal -name teh nonmetal, change ending to -ide |