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Chem L final
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Question | Answer |
---|---|
How do you determine density? | Density = Mass(g)/Volume(mL) Density = Slope (dx/dy) |
How do you determine area? | |
A spreadsheet can have _________ on a graph? | A best fit line, labelled axes, error bars |
What is Molality? | moles/Liter |
Ferrous ammonium sulfate | Fe(NH_4)_2(SO_4)_26H_2O |
Acetic acid | CH_3COOH |
Vinegar | CH_3COONa + H_2O |
Sodium Hydroxide (Baking Soda) | NaOH |
Sodium Acetate | CH_3COONa |
Calorimeter constant is a _____ value | positive |
What is STP? | 0 degrees C and 760 torr |
Volumetric measurement tools | Beaker, pipet, graduated cylinder |
Slope of line | change in y/change in x (or y2-y1/x2-x1) |
PV=nRT | Pressure Volume = moles Rate Temperature |
Beer's Law | explains relationship between absorbance and concentration |
Arrhenius relationship | Ln k = -E_a/RT + Ln A |
A=abc | A - absorbance(M) a - molar absorptivity OR extinction coefficient b - path length c - concentration |
How do you determine absorbance? | A=abc |
How do you determine rate? | change in [whatever product]/change in time |
How do you obtain rate? | Slope of reaction |
K [reactant 1 M] [reactant 2 M] | |
What is the specific rate constant? | K |
volume reactant(mL) x concentration reactant (M) /total volume(mL) | |
Molarity | moles/Liter |
What is ICE? | Initial Change Equilibrium |
Charles' law | V2/V1 = T2/T1, V1/T1=T2/T1, V is inversely related to T |
In the redox titration, what is the purpose of ferrous ammonium sulfate? | standard |
How do you find the limiting reagent? | |
How do you find the equilibrium constant? | K of equation = [C][D]/[A][B] |
Oleic acid - reagent | CH3(CH2)7CHCH(CH2)7CO2H Dissolved by pentane |
Lycopodium powder (pollen) - reagent | You put piston oil on water, then sprinkle this. Then after you add one drop of your solution, it makes the blobby shape visible. |
6M HCl - reagent | added to water in cake pan |
Pentane - reagent | added to dissolve oleic acid. Added in increments so solution becomes increasingly dilute. |
How do you calculate thickness of film? | volume/area |
How do you get volume of one molecule? | thickness cubed (assuming molecule is a cube) |
How do you estimate Avogadro's number? | volume of one mole/volume of one molecule |
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate (Sodium Bicarbonate, Baking Soda) | NaHCO3 (decomposes with heat) |
HCl - reagent | Added to baking soda, reacts vigorously |
Concentration expressed in ____? | quantity of solute/quantity of solution |
1 L = ___ mL? | 1 L = 1000 mL |
Molality (M, mol/L) | mm/mL |
How do you determine concentration? | quantity of solute/quantity of solution |
n (moles) = ? | Weight/molar mass |
Sodium Hydroxide | NaOH (solvent, titrated into water in experiment 5) |
Equivalence point (titration) | when equivalent quantities of the substances have been mixed (indicator changes color at end point) |
pH = ? | -log[H+] |
pOH = ? | -log[OH-] |
Bromocresol green | changes yellow to blue over 3.8-5.4 (green at 10) |
Phenolphthalein | colorless <8, light pink at 8.2 (deep pink at 10) |
Thymolphthalein | colorless at <8.8, light blue at 9.0 |
pH + pOH = ? | 14 |
Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate | KHC8H4O4 or KHP, serves as primary standard in titration experiment 5. Its the scoopy solid stuff. |
phosphoric acid | H3PO4 (it's what you put the indicator in) |
In experiment 5 (titration intro) k = ? | k = no mm NaOH/no mm H2PO4 |
Potassium permanganate | KMnO4 (solution in experiment 6) |
Ferrous ammonium sulfate (crystal in experiment 6) | Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 x 6H2O |
Phosphoric acid | H3PO4 |
hydrogen peroxide | H2O2 |
converting to K from C | add 273 |
Boyle's Law | V is inversely proportional to 1/P, P1/P2=V2/V1 |
Avogadro's Law | V is inversely related to n (at STP), V2/V1=n2/n1 |
Solution | a mixture of something we are interested in (solute) ad all the stuff we are putting it in (solvent) |
Potassium Chlorate | KClO3 |
Manganese Dioxide | MnO2 |
What does lifting beaker so that water level is the same as in florence flask do? | equalizes the atmospheric pressure |
In experiment 8, atmospheric pressure = ? | air pressure + water pressure |
What is enthalpy? | The change in energy of the reactants during a chemical equation, indicated by delta H and usually expressed in kJ |
enthalpy change of calorimeter (delta H_D) | calorimeter constant (C_D) x change in temperature (delta T) |
Heat of reaction (delta H_rx) | -(delta H_D) |
In experiment 9, HNO3 is the ____ and NH3 is the _____ | acid ; base |