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Chem Lab Final
Lab Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ensure that % errors are always reported as positive values | absolute value bars |
| properties that do change the identity of substances under investigation | chemical properties |
| the temperature at which a solid melts to a liquid | melting point |
| a liquide substance is always producing some of the gaseous form of that substance | boiling point |
| process by which a solid passes directly to the gaseous state without melting | sublimation |
| physical combination of two or more pure substances | mixture |
| either elements or compounds | pure substances |
| the determination of the relative amounts of each component in the mixture | quantitative |
| separation of a mixture is accomplished by exploiting the differences in the what | physical properties |
| uses a solvent to selectively remove a component of the mixture that is soluble in the solvent chosen | extraction |
| the degree of difficulty in raising the temperature of a material | specific heat |
| tells us that if two substances at different temperature are in thermal contact, the amount of heat lost by the hotter material will be equal to the amount of heat gained by the cooler material | conservation of energy |
| heat producing reactions | exothermic |
| consume heat | endothermic |
| the use of an insulated reaction vessel to prevent heat from escaping or entering the system under investigation | calorimetry |
| salt that dissolves in water | soluble |
| salt that does not dissolve in water | insoluble |
| states that when a chemical reaction occurs, the total mass of products must be equal to the total mass of reactants | law of conversation of mass |
| ionic compound with one or more water molecules incorporated into its structure | hydrate |
| may be thought of as an hydrogen ion H+ | acids |
| species such as HCL or HNO3 contain one H+ ion per molecule | monoprotic |
| described as OH- | bases |
| acids and bases react together | neutralization reaction |
| water containing high levels of calcium and magnesium ions are | hard water |
| if the liquids do not mix then two layers will form in the test tube | immiscible |
| if only one layer is observed then the liquids mixed | miscible |
| forced that exist between 2 or more molecules | intermolecular forces |
| composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base present in equal amounts | buffer solution |
| occurs without changing the chemical identity of a substance | physical change |
| change from solid to liquid | melting point |
| change from liquid to gas | boiling point |
| Correctness | Accuracy |
| Exactness | Precision |
| To study heat transfer process | Calorimetry |
| Amount of solute dissolved per amount of solution | Concentration |
| Slow addition of 1 reactant to another until the stoichiometry of a reaction is realized | Titration |
| Planning the shapes of molecules and ions | VSEPR |
Created by:
Khuller
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