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Mastering Bio Ch. 16

Study cards for Dr. Day's Survey of Biology at Clayton State

QuestionAnswer
Do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have one or many origins of replication? Prokaryotes: one Eukaryotes: two
Is an RNA primer needed for replication? Yes.
What does Topoisomerase do? Enzyme. Breaks, swivels and rejoins DNA strands.
What does Helicase do? Enzyme. Untwists the double helix at replication forks making them available as template strands.
What does Primase do? Enzyme. Joins RNA nucleotides to maek a primer during DNA replication using the parental DNA strand as a template.
What are single stranded binding proteins? A protein that binds to the unpaired DNA strands during DNA replication, stabilizing them and holding them apart while they serve as templates for the synthesis of complementary strands of DNA.
What is DNA polymerase III? Enzyme. Main replicative enzyme for leading and lagging strand synthesis.
What is DNA polymerase I? Enzyme. Removes the RNA primers from the okazaki fragments and fill in the gaps.
What is ligase? Enzyme. Catalyzes the covalent bonding of teh 3' end of one DNA fragment to the 5' end of another.
How is DNA replicated on the leading strand? Continuous from 5' to 3'.
How is DNA replicated on the lagging strand? Non-continuous fragments from 5' to 3'. Okazaki fragments.
Where does replication start? Origin of Replication, consisting of a specif sequence of nucleotides.
What are histones? A small protein with a high proportion of positively charged amino acids that binds to the negatively charged DNA and plays a key role in chromatin structure.
Created by: ghouliegrrrl
 

 



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