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BHS phy sci unit 5
Ch 8 & 9
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| energy conversion | Process in which energy changes from one type or form to another. |
| potential energy | Stored energy an object has because of its position or shape. |
| chemical energy | Energy that is stored in the bonds between atoms that make up compounds. |
| electrical energy | Energy of moving electrons. |
| electromagnetic energy | Energy, such as sunlight, that travels across space or through matter as electric and magnetic waves. |
| mechanical energy | Energy of an object that is moving or has the potential to move; calculated as the sum of an object’s kinetic and potential energy. |
| sound energy | Energy that travels in waves through matter from a vibrating object. |
| thermal energy | Total kinetic energy of all the atoms that make up an object. |
| conservation | Saving resources by using them more efficiently or not using them at all. |
| fossil fuels | Mixture of hydrocarbons that formed over millions of years from the remains of dead organisms (petroleum, natural gas, or coal). |
| natural resources | Anything people can use that comes from nature. |
| nonrenewable resources | Natural resource that is limited in supply and cannot be replaced except over millions of years. |
| renewable resources | natural resource that can be replaced in a relatively short period of time or is virtually limitless in supply |
| heat | Transfer of thermal energy between objects that have different temperatures. |
| specific heat | Amount of energy (in joules) needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1 °C. |
| conduction | Transfer of thermal energy between particles of matter that are touching. |
| convection | Transfer of thermal energy by particles moving through a fluid. |
| convection current | Flow of particles in a fluid that occurs because of differences in temperature and density. |
| thermal conductor | Material that is a good conductor of thermal energy. |
| thermal insulator | Material that is a poor conductor of thermal energy. |
| combustion engine | A complex machine that burns fuel to produce thermal energy and then uses the energy to do work |
| refrigerant | substance with a low boiling point that is used to transfer thermal energy in a cooling system such as a refrigerator |
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ballen1209