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carbohydrate
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| glycogen | storage form of glucose -polycharides |
| glycogenesis | formation of glycogen from glucose |
| glycolysis | glucose change to give energy |
| gluconeogenesis | glucose from fat or protein |
| where is glycogen made and stored | made in liver stored in the liver and muscle |
| where is insulin made | hormone that is made in the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of pancreas |
| what does insulin do | stimulates the transport of glucose through the cell membrane.must be present from glucose to enter cells |
| how does glucose affect the blood glucose level | lower blood glucose |
| where is gluecagon made | hormone made in the alpha cells the alpha cells in the pancreas |
| where are ketone bodies made | made in liver |
| what are ketone bodies made from | excess fatty acids/ partically matabloized to keytone body |
| ketouria | keytone bodies urine |
| ketonemia | keytone bodies in blood |
| ketoacidosis | keytone blood ph less than 7.35 due to keytone bodies |
| hyperglycemia | high blood glucose |
| hypoglycemia | low blood glucose |
| glucosuria/glycouria | glucose in urine |
| renal threshold | blood level above which glucose is found in the urine |
| IDDM | insulin dependent diabetes mellitus 5 to 10% type 1 #junvenille |
| NIDDM | non insulin dependency type 2# adults |
| which type of diabetes has tendency to get ketoacidosis | type 1 |
| what do diabetics metabolize instead of glucose | lipds or fats |
| what are symptoms of hypoglycemia | same as a inslin- low blood 45-60mg/dl |
| what is fasting blood glucose sample | no,food or meds 12-8 hours |
| what does OGTT stand for | oral glucose tolerence test |
| what samples are taken for the OGTT | fasting blood sugar 1,2,3 hour after glucose sugar water |
| how is the 2 hours postparandial glucose test | less than 140 /mgdl |
| what does the Hb -A1c test measure | with hemoglobin and glucose |
| what is the advantage of the Hb-A1c/glycosylated hemoglobin test | it reflex the blood glucose or a 3 months period normal 4 to 6% |
| untreated diabetic | diabetic comma |
| insulin shock | insulin level high |
| diabetic comma | inaulin level to low |
| diabetic comma blood glucose level | high |
| diabetic comma urine glucose level | positive |
| diabetic comma onset | hours of 2 days |
| diabetic comma sysmptoms | deep breathing due to acidosis dry tongue and skin fruity breath due to acetones patient drowsy can lead to a comma |
| treat patient with | insulin |
| insulin shock insulin level | high |
| inslin shock blood glucose level | to low |
| insulin shock urine glucose | negative |
| insulin shock onset | suddley in minutes |
| symptoms insulin shock | shallow breathing perspiration rapid heart action breath normal . light headed faint intoxicated a comma |
| a shock patient with | 15 grams of sugar rasins 1/2 orangejucie avoid carbs.. life savers |
| IDDM -also known as | type 1# junvenille |
| IDDM--age of onset | any age common youth |
| IDDM-symptoms | weight loss, polyuria,polyphegia,poyldispia |
| IDDM-Endogenous inslin | none |
| IDDM- oral agents used | No |
| IDDM- gentics | auto immune destruction of beta cells target cell resistom |
| NIDDM- | type 2 # adult |
| NIDDM-AGE OF ONSET | any age more common in adults |
| NIDDM- type of onset | graduall |
| NIDDM- symptoms | sometimes none |
| NIDDM- Endogenoues | some |
| NIDDM- oral agents used | 1/3 diet exercise 1/3 insulin 1/3 oral agent |
Created by:
jdc12