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American History
chapter 4 test.
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Garment workers often worked in ____. | Sweatshops |
______ is a fear of foreigners. | Xenophobia |
THe first major railroad strike known as the ___ led to the death of more than 100 people. | Great Railroad strike |
The government ordered the american railway union to end its strike against the ________ company because the strike was interfering with delivery of the mail. | Pullman Car |
The ____ made it illegal to form trust that interfered with free trade. | Sherman ANtitrust Act |
One of the deadliest confrontations of 1886, the _____, strated as a protest against police violence but escalated when a bomb went off. | Haymarket Riot |
Led by _______________________, the American Federation of Labor won wage increases and shorter workweeks. | Samuel Gompers |
The _______________________ was an effective labor group that accepted unskilled workers, women, and African Americans as members, but excluded physicians and Ambankers. | Knights of Labor |
Many companies shared _______________________—lists of people considered troublemakers whom the companies wouldn’t hire. | Blacklists |
In 1892, workers striking against the _______________________ Company seized a plant and waged a 14-hour gun battle with guards. | Carnegie Steel |
Public transportation systems that carry large numbers of people and make fixed stops along established routes are called | mass transit systems |
The first true flight in an airplane was completed by ________________________ and took place on December 17, 1903, near __________________________. | Wilbur and Orville wright, kitty hawk, north carolina |
The _______________________, developed by Christopher Latham Sholes, made possible the rapid production of legible documents | typewritter |
Inventor ______________________ developed the ______________________ in 1837, which used a series of dots and dashes to represent letters and allowed messages to be sent long distances over a cable wire. | Samuel Morese, telegraph |
The laboratory of Thomas Alva Edision was located in ____, new jersey. | Menlo Park |
What city was home to the nation’s first subway system? | Boston |
Who is known as the inventor of the telephone? | Alexander Graham Bell |
What was the purpose of the Knights of Labor? | To fight for better pay and safer conditions for workers |
Xenophobia resulted from which of the following? | The haymarket riot |
Nikolaus Otto, a German inventor, invented the __________________________ in 1867. This made it possible for the Duryea Brothers to invent the motorcar in 1893. | internal combustion engine |
In 1862 Congress commissioned the Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroads to complete the first | transcontiental railroad |
Using this process of blasting molten iron with hot air to form steel, American steel mills increased production and decreased cost. | Bessemer Process |
The first big oil gusher in Texas was tapped here in 1901, and was the starting place for companies like Exxon Mobile and Gulf Oil. | Spindletop Hill |
One consequence of the rapid spread of the railway system was | The development of standard time |
Wildcatters was another name for | oil prospectors |
Laissez-faire capitalism allows companies to | conduct buisness without government intervention |
After the Civil War, most businesses were either _________________________ or partnerships. | proprietorships |
The industry tycoon that built his fortune through Standard Oil is | John D Rockefeller |
This industry tycoon made his fortune owning railroads and through shipping along the Atlantic. | Cornelius Vanderbilt |
The industry tycoon that made his fortune building sleeper cars for the railroads is | George Pullman |
Which of the following business leaders was famous for building his business through both horizontal and vertical integration? | John D. Rocekeller |
Which of the following conditions did not help to create a favorable climate for business during the late 1800s? | strong government regulation |
Which of the following correctly describes horizontal integration? | acquiring companies that produce the same product as the owner's main buisness |
Whose philosophy, called the Gospel of Wealth, stated that wealthy people had a duty toward the rest of society? | andrew carneigie |
Which of the following was not a device that advertisers used to try and sell more goods to maximize their profits in the late 1800's? | ran radio ads featuring the president that talked about new products |
Despite the opening of a transcontinental railroad, settlement of the West was slow due to attacks by Native Americans, the harsh desert lands, and the lack of amenities. | True |
The Bessemer process allowed American steel makers to make steel faster and more cheaply than ever before. | false |
“Drake’s Folly” in Spindletop Hill kicked off an oil boom in Texas. | False |
On May 10, 1869, the first transcontinental railroad was completed and it served to link the country both physically and economically. | true |