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POHS Final Exam
First Trimester Final Exam Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sutures | Area where cranial bones have joined together |
| Endosteum | Membrane that lines the medullary canal |
| Periosteum | Tough membrane on the outside of bone |
| Ribs | Twelve pairs of bones that surround the heart and lunes |
| Fibula | Lateral bone of the lower leg |
| Oscoxae | Two bones that form the pelvic girdle |
| Ligaments | Connective tissue band that holds bones together |
| Carpal | Wrist bone |
| Yellow Marrow | Material inside the medullary canal |
| Cranium | Eight bones that surround and protect the brain |
| Radius | Lower arm bone on thumb side |
| Appendicular Skeleton | Bones that form the extremities |
| Sternum | Breastbone |
| Femur | Thigh bone |
| Red Marrow | Material found in some bones that produces blood cells |
| Anklebone | Tarsel |
| Ulna | Larger bone of lower arm |
| Sinuses | Air spaces in the bones of the skull |
| Epiphysis | An extremity or end of bone |
| Axial Skeleton | Bones that form the main trunk of the body |
| Diaphysis | Long shaft of bones |
| Humerus | Upper arm bone |
| Vertebrae | Twenty-six bones of the spinal column |
| Joint | Area where two or more bones join together |
| Scapula | Shoulder bone or shoulder blade |
| Tibia | Medial bone of the lower leg |
| 5 Functions of Bones | Framework, protection, levers, production of blood cells, and storage of calcium |
| 8 Bones That Form The Cranium | One frontal, two parietal, two temporal, one occipital, one ethmoid, and one sphenoid. |
| 26 Vertebrae | Seven cervical (neck), twelve thoracic (chest), five lumbar (back), one sacrum (back of pelvic girdle), and one coccyx (tailbone). |
| True Ribs | Attach directly to the sternum, breastbone, or the front of the body |
| False Ribs | Attach to the cartilage of the rib above |
| Floating Ribs | No attachment on the front of the body |
| Xiphoid Process | Small piece of cartilage at the bottom of the sternum |
| 3 Regions On Each Os Coxae | Ilium, the ischium, and the pubis |
| Diarthrosis | Freely moveable |
| Amphiarthrosis | Slightly moveable |
| Synarthrosis | Immovable |
| Ligaments | Help hold long bones together at joints |
| Arthritis | A group of diseases involving inflammation of the joints |
| Fractures | A crack or break in a bone |
| Osteomyelitis | A bone inflammation usually caused by a pathogenic organism |
| Osteoporosis | Increase porosity or softening of the bones |
| Sprain | When a twisting action tears the ligaments at a joint |
| Bursitis | Inflammation of the bursae |
| Dislocation | When a bone is forcibly displaced from a joint |
| Scoliosis | Side-to-side, or lateral, curvature of the spine |
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