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Mitosis/Cancer,SS

Mitosis, Cancer, Stem Cells Cell Cycle

TermDefinition
Mitosis division of body cells from one parent cell into 2 genetically identical daughter cells
I-PMAT-C the order of the stages of the cell cycle
Chromosome rod shaped structure that forms when a single DNA molecule and its associated proteins coil tightly before cell division
genes segment of DNA that carries info from the parent to the offspring
Chromatid one of a pair of strands of DNA that make up a chromosome
centromere chromatids are joined in the center by this- is made of protein.
23 How many TYPES of chromosomes do we have in each body cell?
46 How many TOTAL chromosomes do we have in each body cell?
diploid 2 of each type of chromosome
homologous chromosomes the same kind of chromosome - one from mom, one from dad
haploid sex cells (gametes) only have 1 of each type of chromosome so they are called this
zygote When 2 sex cells join, then the new cell is called this
Down Syndrome genetic disease that has an extra chromosome #21
karyotype a map of the chromosomes
Mutations changes in an organism’s genetic material
Sex chromosomes the only pair of chromosomes that determine whether you’re female or male
XX type of sex chromosome pair that results in female
XY type of sex chromosome pair that results in male
Interphase this phase is what the cell spends most of its life in
What is the main event that happens in Interphase? DNA is copied, at end you have a chromosome with 2 chromatids
PROPHASE - what are 4 things that happen in this phase? 1.)chrom. begin to condense 2.) nuclear envelope starts to disappear 3.)centrioles start to move to opposite sides of the cell 4.) spindle fibers start to form
polar bodies another name for centrioles
microtubules what spindle fibers are made of
Plants do not have these to help with mitosis Centrioles
METAPHASE - what 2 things happen in this phase? 1.) chromosomes keep condensing 2.) chromosomes line up on the "equator" of the cell
kinetochore more microtubules extend out of the centromere at this place - hold the chroms in place
ANAPHASE - what 2 things happen in this phase? 1.) centromere divides and the 2 chromatids separate 2.) the new chroms. move to opposite sides as the spindle fibers shorten
TELOPHASE - what 3 things happen in this phase? 1.) chroms uncoil at either end of cell 2.)spindle fibers break down and disappear 3.)new nuclear envelope forms
Cytokinesis cell is cleaved (cut) in half
What is the result of Mitosis? 2 genetically identical cells
Golgi bodies what plants use to complete cytokinesis by making a cell plate
Created by: jthomas1499
 

 



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