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Chem Vocab Definitio

Chapter 4

TermDefinition
Bohr Model The scientist responsible for the Solar System model of the atom: the first person to place electrons into energy levels
Alkali Metal The elements of Group I of the Periodic Table
Democritus Ancient philosopher who coined the term "atomos"
Groups/Family A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table
Elements that are chemically similar to each other
Noble Gases The elements of Group VIII of the Periodic Table
John Dalton Credited with the first scientifically-based theory about the atom [Theory with 5 postulates]
Mass Number The sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
James Chadwick Credited with the discovery of the neutron
Oxidation Number Number that indicates the number of atoms or polyatomic ions in a formula
Isotope An atom that has the same number of protons As other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons
J.J. Thomson Scientist who discovered the electron and developed the 'Plumb Pudding Model" of the atom
Equivalent to the charge on an atom or ion
Cation A positively charged ion
Halogens The elements of Group VII of the Periodic Table
Scientist who discovered that the atom is mostly empty space and has a small, dense nucleus
Anion A negatively charged ion
Atomic Number This is the number of protons in an atom or an ion
Covalent Compounds A compound composed only of non-metals
Diatomic Elements 7 elements that always occur in pairs in nature; HONClBrIF
Alkaline Earth Metal The elements of Group II of the Periodic Table
Polyatomic Ion A group of covalently bonded atoms that have a charge
Valence Electrons Particles found in the outermost energy level of the atom. The particle that directly takes part in bonding
Ionic Compound Compound composed of a metal and a nonmetal
Nucleus An atom's central region
Valence ? According to the modern theory, a region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons.
Created by: skhan765
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