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Biology Chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 important characteristics of population | 1. its geographic distribution 2. density 3. growth rate |
| number of individuals per unit area | population density |
| 3 factors can affect population size | 1. number of births 2. number of deaths 3. number of people when enter or leave population |
| what is the difference between immigration and emigration? | immigration- movement of individual INTO an area emigration- movement OUT of an area |
| A population can grow when its ____ is greater than its _______ | birthrate; deathrate |
| if the birthrate equals the death rate, the population ____ | stays the same |
| If the ____ is greater than the ______, the population shrinks. | deathrate; birthrate |
| In the presence of unlimited resources and in the absence of predation and disease, a population will grow _______ | exponentially |
| occurs when the individuals in a pop. reproduce at a constant rate | exponential growth |
| a J-curved graph indicates ___ growth | exponential |
| as resources become less available the growth of a pop. ___ or ____ | slows or stops |
| occurs when the growth of a pop. slows or stops following a period of exponential growth | logistic growth |
| largest # of individuals that a given environment can support | carrying capacity |
| factor that causes population growth to decrease | limiting factor |
| type of limiting factor that depends on pop. size | density-dependent limiting factor |
| some density-dependent factors include | competition, parasitism, predation, and disease |
| when populations become crowded, org. ____ with one another for food, water, space, sunlight, etc | compete |
| type of limiting factor that affects all populations regardless of pop. size | density-independent limiting factor |
| examples of density-independent factors | unusual weather, natural disasters, seasonal cycles, certain human activities-such as damming rivers and clear-cutting forests |
| the regulation of a pop. by predation takes place within a ______, one of the best known mechanisms of pop. control. | predator-prey relationship |
| the human population tends to increase with ____ | time |
| why did the human pop. begin to grow more rapidly about 500 years ago? | agriculture and industry made life easier and safer; world's food supply became more reliable and essential goods could be shipped around the globe; improved health care, sanitation, and medicine reduced death rate; birthrates remained high |
| study of human populations | demography |
| ______, _______, and _________ of a pop. help predict why some countries have high growth rates while other countries grow more slowly | birthrates, deathrates, age structure |
| dramatic change in birth and death rates | demographic transition |
| _____, or population profiles, graph the numbers of people in different age groups in the population | age-structure diagrams |
| how do parasites serve as density-dependent limiting factor? | like in a predator-prey relationship, one is harmed while the other benefits` |
| why might a contagious virus that causes a fatal disease be considered a density-dependent limiting factor | the virus is contagious and can cause decrease of people because of deathrates from disease |
| _____, or range, is a term used to describe an area inhabited by a pop. | geographic distribution |
| a graph with an S-shaped curve shows | logistic growth |
Created by:
emerybrown