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Chemistry elements

chemistry notes for chapter 5

QuestionAnswer
Similar traits repeat in regular intervals? Periodicity
Groups of 3 similar elements? Dobreiners triads.
Similar elements fell into groups when organized by atomic mass into eight columns. Newland's octaves
This man organized elements atomic mass? also realized there were undiscovered elements and left space for them?? Mendeleev
Properties of elements vary with atomic mass? Periodic law
Arranged elements by atomic number instead of atomic mass? Henry Moseley
Properties of elements vary with their atomic number in a periodic way? Modern Periodic Law
Trans-uranium elements were isolated and adopted before?? WWII
These elements have atomic numbers greater than 92? Trans-uranium elements
Which 2 trans-uranium elements are found in nature? Neptunium and plutonium.
Vertical column of elements with similar chemical and physical properties?? Group/family
Horizontal row. Period number equals the highest energy level used by ground state atoms. period/series
Elemental Families numbered from 1 to 18? IUPAC convention
Elemental families labeled with number and letter? NAC
Elements immediately adjacent to the stair step-line and share properties of non-metals?? Metallloids
Fits after lanthanum? Lanthanide series
Fits after actinium? Actinide series
A stair step line seperates metals and non metals true
The minimum energy required to remove the first electron from the shell of an electron to make a cation? Ionization energy
Metals require low or high energy? Low energy
Noble Gases require?? High energy
The amount of energy required to add an atom to create a cation? affected by how full its highest energy level is. Electron Affinity
The attraction between the nucleus and valence electrons? developed by? Electronegativity;Linus Pauling
Which elements have the highest and lowest electron affinity? Fluorine has the highest and cesium has the lowest.
Distance from center of nucleus to outermost electron? Atomic radii
Less electrons = Smaller radius
More electrons= Larger radius
The study of the elements and the compounds they form? Descriptive chemistry
A very flammable gas that has a family of its own? Hydrogen
Compounds of hydrogen and carbon? Hyrdrocarbons
Describe the Alkali metals? Group 1, very reactive, and easily give up their electron.
Describe the alkaline earth metals?? Group 2, solids, denser and harder than the alkali metals. they normally give up their electrons.
Describe the transition metals? Groups 3-12 solid, have mettalic properties, include common and precious metals.
Describe the Inner transition metals?? Normally shown below the main table, lancthanide series and actinide series. some are found in nature and some not.
Weakly attracted to a magnet because of unpaired electrons? Paramagnetic
Post transitional metals? Aluminum,tin, and lead
Metalloids? Around stair step line on the table called semiconductors!
Describe the boron family? Group 13. 1 metalloid = boron rest are post transitional mateals
Describe the carbon Family? Solids. nonmetals=carbon. metalloids= Si&Ge Post trans= tin and lead group 14
The nitrogen family? Group 15. non-metals nitrogen. phosphorus=solid metalloids=arsenic and antimony. post trans-bismuth
Group that has all 8 valence electrons and doesn't like reacting with anyone? Noble Gases
A group that forms salts when reacting with metals and only seek one electron? The Halogen family
Describe the oxygen family? Group 16. have 6 valence electrons. Non metals=oxygen,sulfur,selenium. metalloids=tellurium.
Compounds containing oxygen? Oxides
Elements combined with sulfur? Sulfides
Fellow students please don't forget that the chapter 5 elements will also be on this test on Tuesday :) Also alot of this test is practical applied thinking. Study the chapter in your book as well as practice electron affinity,atomic radii,and electronegativity on a periodic table.
Best of luck! Follow @kylewitt2 on twitter!
Created by: Kyle Witt
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