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Enzymes Pt1

Unit 2: The Chemistry of Life

TermDefinition
Catalyst anything that can speed up a chemical reaction (example: heat and enzymes)
Enzyme A protein that speeds up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy (speed bump) of a reaction
Activation Energy The energy needed to get a reaction started. The speed bump of a chemical reaction.
Reactants What you feed into a chemical reaction. The left side of a chemical equation. These are sometimes called "substrates"
Products What you get out of a chemical reaction. The right side of a chemical equation.
Substate The molecule or molecules an enzyme attaches to at the active site. These can be referred to as "reactants"
Active Site The part of an enzyme that fits the substrate like a lock and key
Uncatalyzed A chemical reaction that does not have an enzyme present. These chemical reactions are slow.
catalyzed A chemical reaction that does have an enzyme present. These chemical reactions are fast.
biological catalyst An enzyme that speeds up chemical reactions
protein A type of organic macromolecule (polymer) that is composed of monomers of amino acids.
amino acid The monomers (building blocks) of the organic macromolecule (polymer) protein.
macromolecule An organic polymer.
polymer A large organic macromolecule (examples: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids)
monomer A building block of an large organic macromolecule (polymer). Examples include monosaccharides, amino acids, fatty acids, nucleotides
Metabolism All the chemical reactions inside of a cell or an organism. This is one of the five characteristics of life
Chemical Reaction a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another (example: turning reactants into product).
Heat A catalyst for chemical reactions that cannot be used in cells because the excessive heat would cause the cell to die.
Denature To change (alter) the shape of a macromolecule. This is usually done by adding heat or changing the pH.
Optimal Most, best, highest, peak
Created by: Biomonsters
 

 



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