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Chemistry Chapter 3

QuestionAnswer
1) What is the total number of valence electrons in an atom in the Alkali Earth Metals Group? 2
2) A Ca2+ ion differs from a Ca0 atom in that the Ca2+ ion has Fewer Electrons
3) Which particles are referred to as corpuscles by Thomson Electrons
4) What is the mass number of an atom that contains 19 protons, 19 electrons, and 20 neutrons? 39
5) What term refers to the path of an atom where an electron is most likely to be found according to Bohr? Orbit
6) The nucleus of an atom consists of 8 protons and 6 neutrons. The total number of electrons present in a neutral atom of this element is 8
7) What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the third orbit (according to Bohr)? 8
8) Atoms of 16O, 17O, and 18O have the same number of Protons. but a different number of Neutrons
9) All atoms of an element have the same Atomic Number
10) The atomic number is always equal to the total number of Protons in the Nucleus
How many protons are in the nucleus of an atom of beryllium? 4
12) Which subatomic particle is negative? Electron
13) Which of the following particles has the least mass? Electron
A sample of element X contains 90% X-35 atoms, 8.0% X-37 atoms, and 2.0% X-38 atoms. The average atomic mass will be closest to which value? 35
15) What is the total number of electrons in an Mg+2 ion? 10
The atomic mass of an element is defined as the weighted average mass of that element’s Naturally Occurring Isotopes
19) Compared to the entire atom, the nucleus of the atom is Smaller and Contains most of the atoms mass
20) What is the nuclear charge in an atom of boron? +5
21) What subatomic particle was discovered in the cathode ray tube experiment? Electron
22) Which of the following is NOT part of Dalton’s atomic theory? Atoms are in constant motion
23) How many of the following did Dalton NOT discuss in his atomic theory? Isotopes ion protons electrons neutrons 5
24) The law of constant composition applies to Compounds
25) The fundamental “particle” of a chemical element according to Dalton’s theory is the Atom
26) The first scientist to show that atoms emit tiny negative particles was Thomson
27) The scientist whose alpha-particle scattering experiment led him to conclude that the nucleus of an atom contains a dense center of positive charge is Rutherford
Most of the alpha particles passed through the gold foil undeflected. What conclusion was made about the structure of the atom based on this observation? Most of the atom is empty space in which electrons zoom around
b) A few of the alpha particles were deflected back at the source and toward the screen. What did this observation reveal about the structure of the atom? The atom has a small dense positive core containing protons and neutrons
An element has two isotopes. 90% of the isotopes have a mass number of 20 amu, while 10% have a mass number of 22 amu. Calculate the atomic mass of the element. Show all work with units. ( 20 * .90) + ( 22 * .10) = 20.2 amu
31) How can you tell the difference between an atom and an ion? An atom has an equal number of protons (+) and electrons (-). An ion has either fewer or more electrons than protons. (A positive ion has fewer electrons and a negative ion has more electrons)
32) What is the octet rule? An atom will either lose or gain electrons to achieve 8 outer (valence) electrons.
33) Why do noble gases not typically form ions? They already have 8 outer electrons
Created by: kozak1029
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