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Science 8th Grade

Vocab for units 7A-16A

TermDefinition
Gas a state of matter where the atoms or molecules are farther apart than in a liquid and moving faster than a liquid; very little or no attraction between particles
liquid a state of matter where the atoms or molecules are packed less closely than a solid, but more closely than a gas and are moving more than a solid; some attraction between the particles
solid a state of matter where the atoms or molecules are packed closely together and do not move freely; strong attraction between the particles
molecule smallest part of a compound with the properties of that compound; two or more atoms chemically bonded together
particle atoms or molecules of a substance; compose all matter and are in constant motion
state of matter commonly known as solid, liquid or gas; each has characteristic properties
atom smallest part of an element with the properties of that element; the basic building blocks of all matter
atomic mass the average mass of atoms of an element, it also known as atomic weight. The mass on the Periodic Table of Elements
column lines that go up and down/vertically; also called "groups" on the periodic table of elements
row lines that go across/horizontally; also called "periods" on the periodic table of elements
nonmetal category of elements that do not have the properties of the metals
mass number the total number of protons and neutrons in one atom of an element
atomic number the number of protons in one atom of and element; is used to identify the element
electron a negatively charged particle found outside the nucleus of an atom
electron cloud the area surrounding the nucleus of an atom where electrons orbit
neutron a particle, same mass as a proton, but with no electric charge; found in the nucleus of an atom
proton positively charged particle, found in the nucleus of an atom; quantity is equal to the atomic number/determine the element.
element a collection of atoms of one type that cannot be decomposed into any simpler units except by spontaneously changing into other units by radioactive processes.
Family (of elements) a grouping of elements based on similar chemical properties; families are generally arranged by columns in the periodic table.
metal category of elements that usually have a shiny surface, are generally good conductors of heat and electricity, and can be melted or fused, hammered into thin sheets or drawn into wires
Created by: jmcmillen
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