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earth as a system
earth science chapter 2 section 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name three reasons why the planet earth is unique. | 1. earth only planet that has liquid water on its surface 2. atmosphere contains large amount of oxygen 3. only planet in our solar system that is known to support life |
| Earth is the _______ planet in our solar system | third |
| Earth was formed about _______ years ago. | 4.6 billion |
| Earth is made mostly of ______ | rock |
| What percent of earth's surface is covered by water which is called the global ocean? | about 70% |
| What is the shape of the earth? | oblate spheroid |
| What is the earth's circumference? | approx. 40,000 km |
| Scientists have made important discoveries about earth's interior through studies of ________ _______. | seismic waves |
| _______ ______ are vibrations that travel through the earth. | seismic waves |
| The thin, solid, outermost zone of Earth is called the ______. | crust |
| The crust makes up ___ percent of the Earth's mass. | 1 |
| The crust beneath the ocean is called ______ _____. | oceanic crust |
| Oceanic crust is how thick? | 15-80 kilometers thick |
| Continental crust is thickest beneath ______ _____ _______. | high mountain ranges |
| The lower boundary of the crust is called | Moho (Mohorovicic discontinuity) |
| The layer of earth that underlies the crust is called the ________. | mantle |
| True or False The mantle is denser than the crust. | True |
| The mantle is nearly 2,900 km thick and makes up almost _______ of the Earth's mass. | 2/3 |
| The center sphere of the earth is called? | Core |
| The core of the earth is composed mostly of _____ and _______. | iron and nickel |
| The three compositional zones of Earth's interior are divided into _____ structural zones. | 5 |
| The 5 structural zones of Earth's interior are? | 1. Lithosphere 2. Asthenosphere 3.Mesosphere 4. Outer Core 5. Inner Core |
| The solid outer layer of earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle is called the ______________. | Lithosphere |
| The solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere is called the ______. | Asthenosphere |
| The strong lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core is called the ______. | Mesosphere |
| Mesosphere means | middle sphere |
| Scientists believe that the outer core is made up of ________ ________. | dense liquid |
| What are the three possible sources of the Earth's magnetic field | Earth's liquid iron in outer core, sun and moon |
| The Earth's magnetic field extends beyond the atmosphere and affects a region of space called the _____. | magnetosphere |
| Earth's magnetosphere is compressed and shaped by what? | solar wind |
| the flow of charged particles from the sun is called | solar wind |
| The force of attraction that exists between all matter in the universe is called _______. | Gravity |
| Who was the first to explain the phenomenon of gravity? | Sir Isaac Newton (17th century) |
| Newton described the law of gravity in his _____ __ _______________. | Law of Gravitation |
| According to the Law of Gravitation the force of attraction between any two objects depends on what 2 things? | 1. mass of the object 2. distance between the objects |
| The larger and closer that two objects are to each other the ________ the force of gravity between the objects will be. | greater |
| _______ is the measure of the strength and the pull of gravity on an object. | weight |
| What SI unit is used to measure weight? | The newton (N) |
| On earth a kilogram of mass weighs about (how many newtons) | 10N |
| True or False The mass of an object does not change with location. | True |
| True of False The weight of an object depends on its location. | True |
| According to the law of gravitation, the force of gravity _______ as the distance from Earth's center increases. | decreases (Force of gravity less on top of mountain than at sea level) |
| True or False Because the earth spins on it's axis this motion causes the earth to bulge near the equator. | True |
| The distance between the Earth's surface and its center is _______ at the equator than at the poles. | greater |
| Your weight at the equator would be ____ than at the poles. | less |
Created by:
kellyaem