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DNA Quiz Review

QuestionAnswer
Define nucleotide Units of DNA
3 parts of nucleotide 1-5 carbon sugar 2-phosphate group 3-deoxyribose
4 nitrogen bases Adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
What are chargaff's rules? They are equal amounts of (C,G) and (A,T)
What technique did Franklin use? X-ray diffraction
X shaped pattern shows that the strands in DNA are? Twisted around each other like coils of the spring, X-shaped/in a pattern
What term describes the X shape? Helix
James Watson and Francis crick cracked the puzzle!
What type of bonds hold the nitrogen bases together? Hydrogen bonds
Define double helix Two strands were wound around each other/each strand is made up of nucleotides
Define base-pairing Bonds in DNA can form only adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine
Which two molecules of a nucleotide form the sides, or upright portion of the latter? Deoxyribose, phosphoric
Name the molecules of each nucleotide that form a part of the ladders rungs Cytosine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
Only two combinations of base pairings are possible for the rungs. Name these molecule combinations or pears Thymine-adenine Cytosine-guanine
If four guanine bases appear in DNA model, how many cytosine bases should they be? 4
Does the number if cytosine bases in your model agree with your prediction? Yes
What bonds are broken in order for DNA to "unzip"? Hydrogen bonds
What enzymes are responsible for breaking these bonds? DNA helix
The point at which the double helix separates is called the? Replication fork
What enzyme is responsible for bonding the phosphate of one nucleotide to the deoxyribose to the other, which creates the new sides? DNA polymerase
Do the two molecules contain the same number of rungs? Yes
How many molecules of adenine and thymine are in each DNA molecule? 2
Are the two DNA molecules exact copies of each other? Yes
where is the DNA located for prokaryotes? cytoplasm
where is the DNA located for eukaryotes? nucleus
how many DNA is found in prokaryotes? single cellular DNA
how many DNA is found in eukaryotes? 1000x as prokaryotes
What happens in the "S" phase of interphase? DNA is replicated
What are replication forks? each strand can be used to make more strands
Define replication Copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA
Define template serves as a model for a new strand
Before DNA can begin, the double helix... "unzips"
What is accomplished when the DNA unzips? enzymes...called DNA helicases
DNA helicases open the double helix by breaking the... Hydrogen bonds... between the base pairs
Each strand serves as a... Template
Thymine goes with... Adenine
Adenine goes with... Thymine
Guanine goes with... Cytosine
Cytosine goes with... Guanine
Created by: b0402791
 

 



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