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Chapter 16

Chapter 16 Solutions: vocab and key ideas

QuestionAnswer
What factors affect how fast a substance dissolves? agitation, temperature and particle size.
Agitation affects what? only the rate at which a substance dissolves.
Temperature influences the ___ at which the substance dissolves. rate
What does a saturated solution contain? the maximum amount of solute for a given quantity of solvent.
What is the solubitity of a substance? the amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of solvent at a specified temperature and pressue to produce a saturated solution.
How do two liquids become miscible? if they dissolve completely in each other in all proportions.
liquids that are insoluble in one another are called what? immiscrible
What does a super saturated solution contain? more solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature.
What does Henry's law state? at a given temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid.
What is molarity? yhe number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution.
The concentration of a solution is the measure of what? the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent.
A solution that contains a realatively small amount of solute is known as what? dilute solution.
A concentrated solution contains what? a large amount of solute.
How do you calculate the molarity of a solution? divide the number of moles by the volume of the solution in liters.
What is a colligative property? a property of solutions that depends only upon the number of solute particles, not upon their identity.
What are the three important properties of solutions? vapor-pressure lowering, freezing-point depression and boiling-point elevation.
What is the freezing-point depression? the difference in temperature between the freezing point of a solution and the freezing point of the pure solvent.
Define boiling-point elevation. the difference in temperature between the boiling point of a solution and the boiling point of the pure solvent.
Created by: jmhschemistry
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