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apasia test 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| circumlocution | a method of responding by "circling" around the desired target word |
| paraphasia | substitution of an incorrect and unintended word or sound for a correct one |
| verbal (semantic) paraphasia | substitution of an incorrect word for the intended word, most common one you see |
| related paraphasia | type of verbal paraphasia; substitution of a word from the same semantic field or class |
| speech fluency | refers to the ability to produce an uninterrupted "phrase-length utterance" |
| fluent speech | speech which approximates normal speech in rate, sentence length, melody, and overall ease of speaking; 5 or more words in average phrase |
| nonfluent speech | speech characterized by a slow rate, effortful production, numerous pauses, short sentences, absence of melody; 4 or fewer words in average phrase |
| anomia | word finding difficulty |
| tests of confrontation naming | hold up object and ask "what is this?", type of test for anomia |
| generative naming | divergent, tell me as many different kinds of cars as you can think of, for example. Type of test for anomia. |
| random paraphasia | type of verbal paraphasia; substitution of a seemingly unrelated word for the intended word; indicates pretty severe problem |
| perseverative paraphasia | type of verbal paraphasia; substitution of previously correct word for the intended word; very common |
| literal paraphasia | substitution of an incorrect sound(s) for the intended one(s); more than half of the correct word must be preserved |
| types of literal paraphasias | real word (fable for table) and non-word (teleplopter for helicopter) |
| neologism | substitution of a new or novel word for the intended word (example: flish for phone), less than half the word preserved |
| convergent problems | given a cue(s), an inability to converge upon the correct response |
| divergent problems | an inability to generate multiple responses to a cue (example: "name as many animals as you can think of in one minute") |
| paragrammatism | having a grammatical structure but lacking in meaning, associated with fluency |
| agrammatism | characterized by the absence of functor words, thereby creating sentences that include primarily nouns and verbs; "telegraphic"; associated with nonfluency |
| automatic speech | commonly used sequences of language; examples: days of week, months of year, songs, poems, etc. |
| repetition | key differential diagnostic symptom |
| spontaneous recovery | the early period when there is improvement in language ability without treatment immediately post-onset of aphasia; occurs in most aphasics to differing degrees; most evident in first three months |
| anomic aphasia | most common endstage aphasia type |
| conduction, transcortical, and anomic aphasic patients | have the best chance of becoming nonaphasic |
| global aphasia | tends to show evolution towards Broca's aphasia |
| Broca's and Wernicke's aphasias | tend to show evolution towards anomic aphasia |
| retention deficit | performance deteriorates as messages increase in length |
| information capacity deficit | inability to simultaneously receive and process input; miss parts of messages |
| noise build up | performance deteriorates from the beginning to the end of the input |
| slow rise time | comprehension of later parts of the input, while missing the initial parts |
| intermittent auditory imperception | fade in and out with no apparent pattern |
| perseveration | inappropriate repetition of a previous response that continues after the task requirements have changed and the response is no longer needed |
| types of perseveration | stuck-in-set, continuous, recurrent, and ideational |
| stuck-in-set perseveration | type of perseveration in which there is inappropriate maintenance of a category or framework after a new task is introduced and new response expected;associated w/more frontal lesion; ex:patient continues to speak when task changes to pointing |
| continuous perseveration | type of perseveration w/ inappropriate prolongation of a behavior that should stop; inability to inhibit the continuation of the response;associated w/right hemisphere lesions &cortical &subcortical aphasias; ex:patient says no continuously, not common |
| recurrent perseveration | type of perseveration in which there is inappropriate recurrence of a previous response after a new stimulus is given and a new response expected; see most often; associated w/lesions 2 left temporal and parietal regions; ex:patient says girl 4 everything |
| tasks that increase perseveration | tasks that involve nonautomatic speech, similar semantic fields, require more rapid responses, require use of infrequent lexical items, use words close in semantic/phonemic properties |
| key dx symptom of perisylvian syndromes | difficulty with repetition |
| perisylvian syndromes | broca's, wernicke's, conduction |
Created by:
mccaleblaura