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what is federalism?
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unitary government?
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is federalism? | A way of organizing a nation so that two or more levels of government have the same formal authority over the land. |
| unitary government? | way of organizing a nation so all power rests within the central government |
| what does the constitution guarantee in the senate ? | states equal represenation |
| congress is forbidden to create new states by chopping up old ones unless..... | state legislatures approve. |
| clause in article 6 of the constitution that makes the constitution, national laws and treaties supreme over state laws as long as the national governments acting within constitutional limits | SUPREMACY CLAUSE |
| the state and national government have what type of responsibilities? | overlapping |
| both levels of government can do such things as what ? | raise revenue through taxes,borrow money,spend for the general welfare and take property for public purposes |
| many states have challenged federal education regulations leading to what act ? | No Child Left Behind Act in 2002 |
| brown vs. board | school segregation.example. two blacks wanted to go to a white school but george wallace blocked the entrance and would not let them in. SEPARATE BUT EQUAL HAS NO PLACE IN THE CONSTITUTION !!! |
| what does the 10th amendment mean? | the national gov has only hose powers that the constitution specifically assigns it |
| people cannot sue states in... | a federal government |
| what happened in Arizona et al. v. united states | practically said police could pullover Mexicans just to check and see if they were legal immigrants or to transport them back. |
| what was the "New Deal?" | president roosevelt produced an avalanche or regulatory and social welfare legislation |
| what changed the new deal ? | devolution |
| what is DOMA? | defense of marriage act/permits states to disregard same sex marriage even if they are legal elsewhere |
| when was doma repealed? | this year/ 2013 |
| what is privileges and imunities | pretty much meant that no matter where you go in the us you should and will be protected by armed forces. ex. go on vaca to cali/ cops will protect you there ! |
| what act is an example of loss of performance in standards of helping educated or non educated children? | NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND ACT |
| examples of cooperative federalism? | shared costs, federal guidelines and shared administration |
| shared cost ? | cities and states can recieve federal money |
| federal guidelines | federal grants to states and cities come with strings attached. ex.congress spends billions on construction but states get their share by enforcing limits on drinking age |
| shared administration? | state and local officials implement federal policies |
| what when on in MADD | after daughter was killed by drunk driver, moms started protesting to raise drinking ages to 21 |
| devolution? | transferring resps.for policies from the federal gov to the state and local gov. |
| grants-in aid | federal system sends revenues from federal taxes to states and local |
| most federal grants go to what ? | health care such as obamacare |
| what is crosscutting reqirements | when condition on one federal grant is extended to activities spported by the federal funds |
| what is a crossover sanction? | use of federal dollars in one program to influence state and local policy in another |
| what are the three systems of government? | federalism, unitary and cofederation |
| who was under a confederation under the articles of confederation? | united states |
| 11 out of 190 nations have what type of government? | federalism |
| framers chose confederate at first but later on realized it was... | too weak |
| the framers were afraid hat if one unit of government ruled, they would end in what.. | tyranny |
| enumerated or expressed powers are specifically granted to who ? | the federal government |
| what three powers were the express power known for? | regulate commerce,tax and spend,and war power |
| implied clause are NOT expressed where? | constitution |
| elastic clause? article 1 section 8 | necessary or proper clause,enables national government to meet problems the framers could not anticipate |
| what is an inherent power? | derive from the fact the U.S. is a sovereign nation |
| reserved powers> | held by the states/ look at 10th amendment. says the powers not delegated to the us by the const. nor prohibted to the states, are reserved to the states or people |
| what are concurrent powers | overlapping powers |
| prohibited powers? | denied by both national and state governments |
| the cardinal question? | woodrow wilson believed the relationship the national and states gov is the cardinal question |
| what happened to mcculloch v. maryland> | in 1818, maryland passed a law imposing tax on operation of the baltimore branch of the bank, james mcculloch(cashier) refused to pay. maryland ended up winning |
| what went on in gibbons v. ogden and the commerce clause? | aaron ogden was given an exclusive license to run a ferry sevice, thomas gibbons obtained license from federal gov. congress regulates all interstate commerce, court upheld gibbons right to operate a ferry sevice in comp with ogden |
| what was the expansion of the commerce clause | national gov now regulates a variety of commercial activities,like radio signals |
| the supreme court in 1964 upheld the civil rights act forbidding... | discrimination in places of public accomodation |
| what is a dual federalism | system in which the national and state gov remain supreme within their own spheres. known as the LAYER CAKE! |
| what is cooperative federalism | national and state gov work together! known as the MARBLE CAKE ! |
| What is fiscal federalism? | pattern of spending,taxing and providing grants in the federal system. grants accounted for about 21 percent of all funds |
| what are the two types of grants? | Categorical and block grants |
| what is a categorical grant ? | made for specific purposes. EX. MONEY TO BUILD HIGHWAYS |
| what is a block grant ? | made for broad purposes. EX. MONEY GIVEN TO STATES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY |
| what are two advantages of federalism? | provides multiple power centers making it difficult for any one factionto dominate gov AND keeps gov close to the people by increase of political particiation |
| what were two DISadvantages of federalsim? | creates confusion because the diff levels of gov AND promotes inequality b/c states differ in resources |
| what is an example of devolution ? | welfare reform act of 1996/ gave states money to run their own welfare prgrams |
| what are two examples of reserved powers? | licensing doctors and establishing public school and local governments. |
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1314ileanamiller