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A & P Ch 8 (eye)
Stack #137325
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| General senses of touch | Temperature. Pressure, Pain. |
| Special senses | Smell. Taste. Sight. Hearing. Equilibrium. |
| What percent of sensory is located in the eye? | 70 % |
| Why is the eye able to be fooled? | Each eye has over a million nerve fibers. You see what you expect to see. Pg 281 |
| Eyelid | Meet at the medial and lateral commissure (canthus) respectively |
| Medial Canthus | Inner corner of the eye |
| Lateral Canthus | Outer corner of the eye |
| Eyelashes | Project from the border of each eyelid |
| Tarsal Glands | Modified sebaceous glands associated with the eyled edges. These glands produce an oily secretion that lubricates the eye. |
| Ciliary Gland | Modified sweat glands that lie between the eyelashes. (cilium = eyelash) |
| Conjunctiva | Membrane that lines the eyelids. Connects to the surface of the eye. Secretes mucus to lubricate the eye. |
| Lacrimal Gland | Located above the lateral end of each eye. They continually release a dilute salt solution (tears) onto the anterior surface of the eyeball through several small ducts. Produce lacrimal fluid. |
| Lacrimal Canal(iculi) | Drain lacrimal fluid from the eyes |
| Lacrimal Sac | Provides passage of lacrimal fluid towards nasal cavity |
| Nasolacrimal Duct | Empties lacrimal fluid into the nasal cavity |
| Tears | Increased lacrimal secretion. Contains antibodies and lysozyme, an enzyme that destroys bacteria |
| Accomodation | Adjustment of the eye for seeing objects at close range |
| Fovea Centralis | A tiny pit that contains only cones. Area of the greatest visual acuity, or point of the sharpest vision, and anything we wish to view critically is focused on the fovea centralis |
| Optic Disc | (Blind Spot) where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball |
| Cataract | Cataracts result when the lens becomes hard and opaque with age. Vision becomes hazy and distorted. Eventually causes blindness in the affected eye. |
| Sclera | White connective tissue layer. Seen anteriorly as the "white of the eye" |
| Cornea | Transparent, central anterior portion. Allows for light to pass through. Repairs itself easily. The only human tissue that can be transplanted without fear of rejection. |
| Choroid | Blood rich nutritive layer in the posterior of the eye |
| Ciliary body | Smooth muscle attached to the lens |
| Iris | Regulates amount of light entering the eye |
| Pupil | Rounded opening in the Iris |
| Retina | Contains two layers: Outer pigmented layer & inner neural layer. Contains receptor cells (photoreceptors) *Rods *Cones |
| Rod | One of two types of photosensitive cells in the retina |
| Cone | One of two types of photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye. Provides for color vision |
| Photorecptors | Specialized receptor cells that respond to light energy. |
| Blue Cone | Responds most vigorously to blue light |
| Green Cone | Responds most vigorously to green light |
| Red Cone | Responds to a range including both green and red wavelengths of light. It is the only cone population to respond to red light at all. |
| Lens | Biconvex crystal - like structure. Held in place by a suspensory ligament attacheda to the ciliary body. |
| Real Image | Image fromed on the retina is a real image. Real images are: Reversed from left to right. Upside down. Smaller than the object. |
| Night blindness | Inhibited rod function that hinders the ability to see at night. |
| Colore blindness | Genetic conditions that result in the inability to see certain colors. |
| How many extrinsic eye muscles? | 6 |
| If the brain receives impulses from more than one type of cone as the same time what happens? | The visual cortex interprets these as intermediate colors. (Red + Blue= Violet/Purple) |
| If all three are stimulated what happens? | We only see all white |
| Hemianopia | is the loss of the same side of visual field of both eyes, which results from damage to the visual cortex on one side only. |
| Binocular vision | "two-eyed vision" Provides depth perception |
| Aqueous Humor | Fluid in the anterior segment that provides nutrients to the lens and cornea. |
| Vitreous Humor | Gel-like substance that helps to reinforce the eyeball. |
| 10 steps for the Neural pathway?? | (blank) |
| Internal eye (intrensic muscles) include? | Ciliary body, radial and circular muscles of the iris? |
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CJcards