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Chapter 10

Chapter 10: Chemical Quantities, vocab and key ideas

QuestionAnswer
How can you convert amoung the count, mass and volume of something? by knowing how the count, mass and volume relate to a common unit.
What is a mole? a unit that is a specific number of particles.
What is the mole number or Avogardo's number? 6.02 x10^23
The term representative particle refers to what? the species present in a substance (usually an atoms, molecules or formula units.)
The representative particle for most elements is what? the atom
What does the mole allow chemists to do? count the number of representative particles in a substance.
What is the first step to find the number of atoms in a given number of moles of a compound? first determine the sumber of representative particles.
How do you convert the number of moles in a compound to the number of representative particles? multiply the number of moles by 6.02 x 10^23 representative particles/one mole.
How big is a mole? (the measurment) HUGE
How do you determine the molar mass of an element and of a compound? 1)the atomic mass of an element is the mass of a mole of the element 2) find the number of grams of each element in one mole of the compound. Then add the masses of the elements in the compound.
What was Avogadro's hypothesis? that equal volume of gasses at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles.
Standard temperature and pressure stands for what? STP
What does standard temperature and pressure mean? a temperature of degree 0 C and the pressure of 101.3 k Pa, or 1 atmosphere.
The quantitly 22.4 is called what? molar volume.
Molar volume is used to convert between what? between the number of moles of gas and the volume of gas at STP.
What is percent composition? the percent by mass of each element in the compound.
What are the steps in finding the percent by mass of an element in a compound? find the number of grams in an element, divide by the mass in grams of the compound, then multiply it by 100%.
What does the empirical formula of a compound give? the lowest whole-number ratio of the atms or moles of the elementin a compound.
Created by: jmhschemistry
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