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Science Q/A

Question and Answer

QuestionAnswer
What is the smallest form of an element? An atom is the smallest form of an element.
What is all matter made up of? All matter is made up of atoms.
Name the three particles that make up an atom. The three particles that make up an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons.
What type of charge does the nucleus have? Why? The nucleus has a positive charge because it contains neutral neutrons and positive protons.
Electrons are how many times smaller than protons and neutrons? Electrons are about 2000 times smaller than protons and neutrons.
What makes each element different than the next? The quantity of these particles makes each element different than the next.
What does the atomic number determine? The atomic number determines the identity of an atom. Ex. Hydrogen has an atomic number of 1 and Chlorine=17.
What do atoms of the same element always have in common? Atoms of the same element always have the number of protons in common because it is the identity of the element of the atom.
What do atoms of the same element sometimes do not have in common? Atoms of the same element sometimes do not have the atomic mass number in common because elements can form isotopes and have a different number of neutrons than an atom of the same element.
What particle do atoms of the same element sometimes do not have in common? The particle that atoms of the same element sometimes do not have in common are neutrons.
What type of electric charge to atoms normally have? Atoms normally have NO electric charge
What does have an overall electric charge? Why? Ions have an overall electric charge because the number of electrons is different from the number of protons.
How are positive ions formed? Positive ions are formed by losing a negative electron.
How are negative ions formed? Negative ions are formed by gaining a negative electron.
Which two atoms are the most common in Earth's crust? In the human body? The most common atoms in the Earth's crust are Oxygen (47%) and Silicon (28%). In the human body,Oxygen (61%) and Carbon (23%).
What happens when an atom forms an ion? What happens to the atom itself, physically? When an atom forms an ion, it means that the atom loses or gains one or more electrons. If an atom loses an electron, the atom itself becomes smaller. But when an atom gains an electron, the atom becomes larger.
The atomic number of potassium is 19. How does potassium-39 differ from potassium-41? It is different because it has a different number of neutrons. Really, the atomic mass number focuses more on the neutrons because the number of protons never changes. These are called isotopes. It just happens here that K likes to form two isotopes.
When determining the mass of an atom, the electrons are not considered. Why do scientists disregard electrons? The reason why scientists disregard electrons is because they are 2000 times smaller than protons and neutrons. In terms of mass, they mean nothing. It would make no difference.
What does the periodic table organize? The periodic table organizes the atoms of the elements by properties and atomic number.
Describe the characteristics of the symbol for each and every element. It contains one or two letters. with the first always CAPITALIZED!
How are unnamed elements represented? Unnamed elements are represented by temporary 3-letter symbols.
Elements in the same column are known as a what? Elements in the same column are known as a group.
Elements in a group show similarities in their _______ and _______ properties. Elements in the same group show similarities in their chemical and physical properties.
In the periodic table, what are horizontal rows called? Horizontal rows in the periodic table are called periods.
The periodic table is a map of _____. The periodic table is a map of trends.
The far left elements on the periodic table are what? The far left elements on the periodic table are metals.
The far right elements are what? The far right elements are nonmetals.
How does the atomic size decrease? Atomic size decreases from left to right.
How does atomic size increase? Atomic size increases top to bottom.
How does density increase? Density increases from top to bottom. However, within a period the elements at the far left and right are the least dense, those elements in the middle are the most dense.
Created by: tkolarov
 

 



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