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SOC 101 CHAPTER 1 -3
nursing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Social Imagination | The ability to connect the most basic, intimate aspects of an individuals life to seemingly impersonal and remote historical forces |
| Empirical Research | is a way of gaining knowledge by means of direct and indirect observation or experience. |
| Anomie | The main social forces leading to suicide is a sense of normlessness resulting from drastic changes in living conditions or arrangements. |
| Functionalism | Is a theory that identifies the roles various social institutions play in keeping the society working, or functioning. |
| Organicism | the doctrine that the total organization of an organism, rather than the functioning of individual organs, is the principal or exclusive determinant of every life process. |
| Conflict Theory | Is the idea that conflict between competing interests is the basic, living force of social change and society in general. |
| Symbolic interactionism | Focuses on how face to face interactions (micro) create the social world (macro). |
| Microsociology | Seeks to understand local interactional contexts Micro sociologists focus on face to face encounters and the types of interactions between individuals. |
| Macrosociology | Is concerned with social dynamics at a higher level of analysis. For example, Macro sociologists might investigate immigration policy. |
| Who coined Social Imagination? | the American sociologist C. Wright Mills |
| Auguste Comte | Coined the term sociology One of the first people to try to understand society using science rather than theology. “social physics” or “positivism” His need to make moral sense of the social order. |
| 3 Historical Epistemological Stages | Theological Stage Divine Will Consult the bible Metaphysical Stage Enlightenment thinkers Humankind’s behavior governed by natural, biological instincts. Scientific Stage We develop social physics in order to identify human behavior. |
| Karl Marx | Marx is most well known of the found fathers of the discipline, because of his writings. He provided the basis for an understanding of the economic systems known as Communism |
| Emile Durkheim | Focused on understanding how societies hold together. The way social cohesion among individuals is maintained |
| W.E.B. DuBois | Developed the concept of double consciousness Describe the two behavioral scripts, one for moving through the world and the other incorporating the external opinions of prejudiced onlookers. |
| Georg Simmel | Established a sociology of pure numbers. Provided formal definitions for small and large groups, parties, strangers, and the poor. |
| Quantitative method | Seeks to obtain information about the social world that is already in or can be converted to Numeric form |
| Qualitative method | Attempt to collect information about the social world that cannot be readily Converted to Numeric form |
| Deductive approach | Starts with a theory, forms a hypothesis (assumption), makes empirical observations, and then analyzes the data to confirm or reject the original theory |
| Inductive approach | Starts with empirical observations and then works to form a theory. This theory may then be tested using, deductive approach |
| Dependent variable | Is the outcome you were trying to explain |
| Independent variable | Measures a variable, that if changed, you predict will be associated with changes in the dependent variable |
| validity | Is how much an instrument measures what it is intended to measure |
| Reliability | Refers to how likely it is that the measure will obtain the same result next time |
| Generalizability | Is the extent to which the finding can be applied to a group larger than group under investigation |
| (Data collection) Participate observation | Is aimed at uncovering the meanings people give to the actions by observing those actions and practice |
| (Data collection) Interviews | Are another qualitative data collection method |
| (Rules of ethics) Protected population | The subjects need additional approval to conduct study |
| Culture | Includes the food we eat the way we dress the way we speak and even who or what we believe in |
| Nonmaterial culture | Includes values beliefs behaviors and social norms |
| Material culture | Is everything that is part of our constructive environment including technology |
| Culture relativism | Means talking into account differences across cultures without passing judgment or signing value |
| Subculture | defined as a group united by set of concepts, values, symbols, and shared meaning specific to the members of that group |
| Values | Are moral beliefs |
| Norms | Are expected behaviors that are often connected to values |
| Reflection | States that culture is a projection of social structures and relationships into the public sphere, a screen onto which the film of the underlying reality or social structures of our society is shown |
| Media | Our format for vehicles that carry, presents, or communication information |
| Consumerism | Refers to more than just fine merchandise and refers to the belief that happiness and fulfillment will be achieved through materialsn |
| Socialization | The process by which you learn how to become a functioning member of society |
| Social interaction | The way in which people interact with one another |
| Status | Refers to a recognizable social position that individual occupies |
| Roles | Are the duties and expectations that come with a particular status |
| Role strain | Is the incompatibility among roles corresponding to a single status |
| Role conflict | Describes the tension caused by competing demands between two or more roles |
| Status set | Refers to all statuses you have any given time |
| ascribed status | Are statuses that are involuntary |
| Achieved status | Are statuses that are voluntary |
| Master status | Is the status that stands out or overrides all other such as president, serial killer |
| Charles Cooley | Theorized that the "self" emerges from our ability to assume the point of view of others and imagine how these other see us, so that we can revise our "self-concept"; the process called the looking glass self |
| theories of socialization | George Meade developed a theory dealing with how the social self develops over the course of childhood;Infants Understand "I" through social interaction we learn "me" the other is understood by the age of seven |
| dramaturgical theory | The view (advanced by Goffman)Of social life as essentially a theatrical performance, in which we are all actors on metaphorical stages, with Roles, scripts, costumes, and set |
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pinky13