Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
A&P I
Skeletal system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List six functions of the skeletal system: | -Support, Protection, Assistance in movement, Mineral homeostasis, Blood cell production, Triglyceride storage |
| ________ bone is greater in length than width: | Long |
| The medullary cavity is located where: | Diaphysis |
| Nerves in bones are found where: | Periosteum |
| Skeletal muscles attaches to _______: | Bone |
| The bones store what two minerals: | Calcium & phosphorus |
| ________ marrow produces red & white blood cells and platelets: | Red |
| Red marrow is found where: | The end of long bones |
| ________ marrow is found only in adults: | Yellow |
| _________ are stored in adipose cells in the bones: | Triglycerides |
| The storage of triglycerides in yellow marrow serves as __________: | a potential chemical energy reserve |
| Line of fusion between cartilage and bone: | Ephyseal line |
| The proximal and distal ends of the bone: | Epiphysis |
| __________ contains the epiphyseal growth plate: | Metaphysis |
| __________ is a thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the part of the epiphysis where the bone forms an articulation with another bone: | Articular |
| ________ ________ reduces friction and absorbs shock at freely movable joints: | Articular cartilage |
| _______ _______ is a hollow cylindrical space within the diaphysis that contains the yellow bone marrow in adults: | Medullary cavity |
| ___________ is a thin membrane that lines the internal bone surface facing the medullary cavity: | Endosteum |
| Endosteum contains a ________ layer of cells and a small amount of ___________ tissue: | Single, connective |
| _______ surrounds the external bone surface where it is not covered by articular cartilage: | Periosteum |
| The _______ provides the ability for bone to grow in thickness, but not length: | Periosteum |
| The periosteum is attached to the underlying bone by _________ _________: | Perforating fibers |
| Bone is also known as __________: | Osseous tissue |
| Bone contains a __________ _______ that surrounds widely seperated cells: | Extracellular matrix |
| The most abundant mineral salt in bone is ________ __________: | Calcium phosphate |
| The __________ ________ is comprised of 25% water, 25% collagen fibers, 50% crystallized mineral salts: | Extracellular matrix |
| A process called __________ is initiated by bone building cells called osteoblasts: | Calcification |
| Bone's flexibility depends on _________ ______: | Collagen fibers |
| List the four types of cells in bone tissue: | -Osteogenic -Osteoblasts -Osteoclasts -Osteocytes |
| Osteogenic cells are also known as _______ cells: | Stem |
| ____________ synthesize extracellular matrix of bone tissue: | Osteoblasts |
| __________ are considered immature cells, while ________ are considered mature cells: | Osteoblasts, Osteocytes |
| ________ are responsible for bone maintenance, exchange of nutrients and wastes: | Osteocytes |
| _________ become trapped in their own secretions: | Osteocytes |
| ________ are responsible for resorption of bone tissue and regulates blood calcium levels: | Osteoclasts |
| Compact bone makes up ___% of the skeleton, while spongy makes up ___%: | 80%, 20% |
| ________ bone resists the stresses produced by weight and movement: | Compact |
| Components of compact bone are arranged into repeating structural units called _______ or ______ _______: | Osteons, haversian systems |
| _________ consists of a central canal with concentrically arranged lamellae, lacunae, osteocytes and canaliculi | Osteons |
| Osteocytes ly with small spaces called ________: | Lacunae |
| Radiating in all directions from the lacunae are tiny _________ filled with extracellular fluid: | Canaliculi |
| Perforating canals are also called __________ canals: | Volkman |
| ________ provides strength in many directions, while _______ _______ provides strength in length: | Trabecullae, compact bone |
| _______ bone lacks osteons: | Spongy |
| In _____ bone lamellae are arranged in a lattice of thin columns called trabeculae: | Spongy |
| Blood cell production occurs in ________: | Spongy |
| Interior bone tissue is made up primarily of _______ bone: | Spongy |
| Periosteal arteries supply the ________ and compact bone with blood: | Periosteum, compact |
| ________ veins carry blood away from long bones: | Epiphyseal |
| The process by which bone forms is called __________: | ossification |
| The embyonic skeleton is initially comprised of ___________: | mesenchyme |
| Cartilage and ossification occur during the ______ weeks of embyonic development: | Sixth |
| Two methods of bone formation: | Intramembranous ossification & endochondral ossification |
| _____________ ossification forms directly within mesenchyme: | Intramembranous |
| ____________ ossification forms within hyaline cartilage that develops from mesenchyme: | Endochondral |
| Which method of bone ossification involve replacement of a pre-existing connective tissue with bone: | Both |
| Most bones in the body are formed by ___________ ossification: | Endochondral |
| Flat bones of the skull and mandible are formed by ______________ ossification: | Intramembranous |
| The activity of the ___________ is the way bone can increase in length: | Epiphyseal plate |
| Bones grows in outer thickness at the ________ surface: | outer |
| Diseases that occur as a result of too flexible bones: | Rickets, osteomalacia |
| Factors affecting bone growth and remodeling: | -Minerals -Vitamins -Hormones |
| Primary minerals needed for bone growth and remodeling: | Calcium and phosphorus |
| Secondary minerals needed for bone growth and remodeling: | Megnesium, fluoride and mangenese |
| List 5 vitamins used in bone growth and remodeling: | _Vit A -Vit C -Vit D -Vit K & B12 |
| Vitamin ___ stimulates osteoblasts: | A |
| Vitamin ___ is neede to synethesis of collagen: | C |
| Vitamin ___ helpd build bone by increasing the absorption of calcium from foods in the gastrointestinal tract into the blood: | D |
| Vitamins ___ & ____ are needed for syntesis of bone proteins: | K & B12 |
| During childhood the most important for bone growth are _____: | IGFs |
Created by:
akhernandez19