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Ch.3 +CH.4

Definitions

TermDefinition
An energy level The fixed energy value that an electron in an atom may have.
The mathematical equation relating the energy of light to its frequency E=hf
An orbital A region in space within which there is a high probability of finding an electron
An element Is a substance that can not be split up into simpler substances by chemical means
A triad A group of three elements with similar chemical properties in which the atomic weight of the middle element is approximately equal to the average of the other two
Newland's Octaves Groups of elements arranged in order of increasing atomic weight in which the first and eighth element of each group has similar properties
Mendeleev's Periodic Law When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weight (relative atomic mass), the properties of the elements vary periodically
The Atomic Number of an Atom The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom
The Modern Periodic Table An arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic number, with properties varying periodically
The mass number of an element The sum of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element
Isotopes Atoms of the same element and atomic number that have different mass numbers due to the different number of neutrons in the nucleus.
Relative atomic mass - The average of the mass numbers of the isotopes of the element - as they occur naturally - taking there abundances into account - expressed on a scale in which the atoms of the carbon-12 isotope have a mass number of exactly 12 units.
The Aufbau Principle When building up the electronic configuration of an atom in its ground state, the electrons occupy the lowest available energy level
Hund's Rule of Maximum multiplicity When two or more orbitals of equal energy are available, the electrons occupy them singly before occupying them in pairs.
The Pauli Exclusion Principle no more than two electrons can occupy an orbital and they must have opposite spin.
Created by: FROmine
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