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The Periodic Table

TermDefinition
an element is a substance that cannot be split up into simpler substances by chemical means.
a triad is a group of three elements with similar chemical properties in which the atomic weight of the middle element is approximately equal to the average of the other two.
Newlands' Octaves are groups of elements arranged in order of increasing atomic weight, in which the first and the eight element of each group have similar properties.
Mendeleev's Periodic Law: when elemnets are arranged in order of increasing atomic weight (relative atomic mass), the properties of the elements vary periodically.
The atomic Number of an atom is the number of protons in the nucleus of that atom.
The modern Periodic Table is an arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic number
elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number: the properties of the elements vary periodically.
the mass number of an element is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus o an atom of that element.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element (have the same atomic number) that have different mass numbers due to the different number of neutrons in the nucleus.
Relative atomic mass -the average of the mass of the isotopes of the elemnet -as they occur natually -taking their abundences into account -expressed on a scale in which the atoms of the carbon-12 isotopes have a mass of exactly 12 units.
the aufbau Principle states that when building up the electronic configuration of an atom in its ground state, the electrons occupy the lowest available energy level.
Hund's rule of Maximum Multiplicity states that when two or more orbits of equal energy are available, the electrons occupy them simply before filling them in pairs.
The Pauli Exclusion principal states that no more than two elecrtons may occupy an orbital and they must have opposite spin.
Created by: saoirse sarah
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