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Nutrition Exam 2

QuestionAnswer
The DRI committee that reviewed the safety of amino acid intake... TRUE
Vegans must combine plant protein foods to provide a full array of amino acids FALSE
Research supports the idea that vegetarians may be healthier than meat eaters TRUE
Proteins differ from the other energy nutrients because they contain what? NITROGEN
The basic building blocks of proteins AMINO ACIDS
The component that distinguishes one amino acid from another is what? SIDE GROUP
What is an essential amino acid? You have to consume it through your diet
The term nonessential when referring to amino acids means what? The liver can produce those that the body lacks through diet
How many essential amino acids are required by the human body? 9
An example of a conditionally essential amino acid Tyrosine
The process of protein breakdown, recovery, and synthesis is called what? Protein turnover
A person is in positive nitrogen balance during which phase? Growth
If you are native nitrogen balance, which of the following conditions would be an exception? Pregnant
Enzymes are what? Essential to all life processes
An important buffer in the maintenance of acid base balance in the blood is what? Protein
Which of the following proteins helps the body maintain its resistance to disease? Antibodies
When glucose is unavailable, the functioning of which two parts of the body becomes compromised? Brain and nervous system
Marasmus may be described as a form of malnutrition and its primary cause is what? Deprivation of food
Kwashiorkor most frequently develops among? Newly weaned children
The end protects of protein metabolism are secreted by what organ? Kidneys
The protein RDA for healthy adults is how many grams per kilogram of body weight? .8g/kg
The protein requirement of a child as compared to an adult is? Higher
The plant food with the highest protein digestibility is? Soybeans
Which of the following provides the highest quality of protein? Legumes
All of the following are considered high quality protein sources except? Gelatin
Ketones can meet some of the nervous system energy needs TRUE
Basal metabolic needs are large compared to energy needs for activities TRUE
Smoker may weigh less than a nonsmoker but more likely to have visceral fat TRUE
Surplus dietary carbohydrate is first stored as what? Glycogen
Of all the nutrients, which is the easiest for the body to store as fat? Fat
Within a day of beginning a fast, most of the body stores of what is depleted? Glycogen
In the first few days of fasting, body protein is used primarily to what? To provide glucose
As the body shifts to partial dependence on ketones for energy during prolonged fasting, what happens? Conserves its lean tissues
BMR is lowest during what phase of our life? Sleep
Which of the following individuals would have the slowest basal metabolic rate? 20 year old inactive woman
The thermic affect on food represents about what % of the total food energy taken in? 10%
The basal metabolic rate slows with increasing age why? Lean body mass diminishes
Which of the following is not a factor in the variability of energy needs between individuals? Food preference
What body component has the greatest variability in quantity and quality (size)? Fat mass
According to BMI criteria, a person with a BMI of 24 is considered what? Normal weight
A weakness in using the BMI to assess body weight is? It doesn’t indicate where excess fat is located on the body
Which type of fat poses the greatest risk to health? Visceral
A good indicator of fat distribution on an individual would be what? Waist circumference
A lack of body fat can result in what? Infertility
About what % of US adults are overweight or obese? 68%
Obesity is officially defined as a BMI of what or higher? 30
A safe and effective weight loss plan would be what? Includes calorie restriction and exercise
Which person is at the greatest health risk? 27-year-old women with a waist circumference of 40 inches
Which of the following is not one of the 3 indicators established by obesity experts for evaluating health risks from overweight and obesity? Diet history
In summary, the key to weight loss is what? Consuming fewer calories
Created by: jcorwin
 

 



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