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apes 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| area strip mining | overburden is stripped away, trench is filled with overburden and a new cut is made paralell |
| bitumen | heavy gooey oil extracted from tar and sand, used as synthetic fuel. |
| breeder nuclear fission reactor | produces more fuel that it consumes by converting nofissionable uranium-238 into fissionable plutonium-239. |
| chemosynthesis | organisms extract inorganic compounds and convert them into organix nutrient compounds without the sunlight. |
| coal | solid mixture of compounds, mixed with water and small amounts of sulfur and nitrogen compounds. |
| coal gasification | conversion of solid coal to synthetic natural gas |
| coal liquefication | conversion of solid coal to a liquid hydrocarbon fuel such as synthetic gasoline or methanol. |
| contour strip mining | hilly or mountainous terrain. terraces cut into side of hill. overburden removed,overburden from each new terrance dumped onto the one below. |
| core | inner zone of the earth. consists of a solid inner core and a ligued inner core |
| crude oil | gooey liquid consisting of mostly hydrocarbon compunds and smalla mounts of compounds containing oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen. |
| depletion time | time it takes to use a certain fration of the supply of a nonrenewable resource at an assumed rate of use. |
| deuterium | isotope of the element hydrogen, with a nucles containing one proton and one neutron and amass number of 2. |
| dredging | getting mineral resources by scraping the bottom of the ocean floor. |
| economic depletion | the cost to produce the resources costs more than it is worth. |
| exhaustible resource | exists at a fixed amount. |
| fissionable isotope | isotope that can slpit apart when hit by a neutron at the right speed and thus undergo nuclear fission. |
| gangue | waste or undesired material in an ore. |
| high-quality energy | engery that is concentreated and has great ability to perform useful work. |
| indetified resource | deposits of a particular miner bearing material of which the location, quantity, and quality are known or have been eitmated from direct geological evidence and measurements. |
| kerogen | solid, waxy material of hydrocarbons found in oil shale rock. |
| life cycle cost | intial cost plus lifetime operating costs of an economic good. |
| liquefied natural gas | natural gas converted to liquid form by cooling to a very low temp. |
| liquefied petroleum gas | mixture of liquefied propance and butane gas removed from natural gas and used as a fuel |
| LPG | liquefied petroleum gas |
| magma | moletn rock below the earths surface |
| meltdown | melting of the core of a nuclear reactor |
| mineral resource | concentration of naturally ocruuing solid, liquid, or gaseous material in or on the earths crust in a form and amount such that extracting and converting in into useful materials or intems is currently or potentionally profitable. |
| mountaintop removal | explosives remove the top of a mountain to expose seams of coal underneath a mountain. |
| natural gas | underground deposits of gases consisiting of 50-90% by weight methane gas and small amounts of heavier gaseous hydrocarbon coumpounds such as propane. |
| net energy | total amount of useful energy available from an energy resource or energy system over its lifetime, minus the amount of energy used, automatically wasted, and unecessarily wasted in finding, processing concentrating, and trasnporting in to others. |
| nonrenewable resource | exists in fixed amounts. using them at a faster rate than they are formed. |
| nuclear energy | energy released when atomic nuclei undergo a nuclear reaction |
| nuclear fission | nuclear change in which the nuclei of certain isotopes with large mass numbers are split apart into lighter nuclei when struck by a neutron. |
| oil | .. |
| oil shale | fine grained various amounts of kerogen. |
| open pit mining | removing minerals such as gravel sand and metal ores by digging them out of the earths surgace and leaving an open pit. |
| ore | part of a metal yielding material that can be economically and legally extracted at a given time. |
| other resources | identified and undiscovered resources classified as reserves |
| overburden | layer of soil and rock overlying a m ineral deposit. |
| petrochemicals | chemicals obtained by refining crude oil. |
| pertroleum | ... |
| precipitation | water in the form of rain, sleet, hail and snow |
| reserve to productionr ratio | number of years reserve of a particular nonrenewale mineral will last at current annual production rate. |
| reserves | resources that have been identified and from which a usable mineral can be extracted profitably at present prices with curren mining technology. |
| shale oil | slow flowing dark brown heavy oil obtained when kerogen in oil shale is vaporized at high temps and then condensed. |
| smelting | process in which a desired metial is sperated from the other elements in an ore mineral. |
| spoils | unwanted rock and other wase materials, removed from the earths surface. |
| strip mining | chunks of the earths surface removed in strips |
| subsurface mining | extractin of a metal ore or fuel resource such as coal from a deep underground deposit. |
| surface mining | removing soil, suboil and other strata and then extracting a mineral deposit found fairly close the earths surface. |
| synfuels | synthetic gaseous and liquid fuels produced from soild coal or sources other than natural gas or crude oil |
| synthetic natural gas(SNG) | gaseous fuels containging mostly methan produced from soild coal |
| tailings | rock and other wastes materials removed as impurities when waste mineral material is seperated from the metal in an ore |
| tar sand | deposit of a mixture of clay sand and water and varying amounts of a tar like heavy oil known as bitumen |
| undiscored resources | potential supplies of a particular mineral resrouces, believed to exist because of geological knowledge and theory, although specific locations, quality, and amounts are unknown. |
Created by:
madisonwhitley