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Chem 107 #1 UL

TermDefinition
Statement summarizing past observations that is always the same under the same conditions Law
statement explaining observations and laws Theory
study of matter and the changes it undergoes chemistry
anything that occupies space and has mass Matter
Compounds and elements are examples of ____ Pure substances
Two examples of mixtures are ___ and ___ Homogeneous and heterogenous
Form of matter with definite composition and distinct properties Pure substance
substance composed of only one kind of atom Element
substance composed of two of more different elements chemically united in fixed proportions Compound
__ change does not alter the composition identity of a material Physical
__ change alters the composition of identity of the material involved Chemical
__ property of a material depends on how much matter is considered. Examples: mass and volume Extensive
___ property does not depend on how much matter is being considered. Examples: density and temperature Intensive
Measure of the quantity of matter mass
includes the force that gravity exerts on an object weight
mass/volume density
Significant figures; addition/ subtractions least number of decimal places
Significant figures: multiplication/ division least number of significant figures
How close a measurement is to the true value Accuracy
how close a set of measurements are to each other Precision
Elements are composed of extremely small particles called atoms Dalton's atomic theory
All atoms of a given elements are identical, having the same size, mass and chemical properties. The atoms one element are different from the atoms of all other elements Dalton's atomic theory
Atoms combine in simple, whole-number ratios to form compounds Dalton's atomic theory
Different samples of the same compound always contain the same proportion of elements by mass Law of definite proportions
Elements can combine in different ways to form different compounds, whose mass ratios are simple whole numbers Law of multiple proportions
A chemical reaction involves only the separation, combinations, or rearrangement of atoms; it does not result in their creation of destruction Dalton's Atomic Theory
Matter can neither be created nor destroyed Law of conservation of mass
Basic unit of an element that can enter into chemical reaction atom
The ___ was discovered by Joesph Thomson with the cathode ray tube Electron
The __ by discovered Ernest Rutherford alpha particle scattering. Proton
The ___ by discovered by James Chadwick neutron
at least 2 distinct forms of an element have different properties Allotrope
bond formed between two ions, a metal and nonmetal. ionic
positively- charged ion, formed by losing electrons cation
negatively- charged ion, formed by gaining electrons anion
SCN- thiocyanate
C2O4-2 Oxalate
IO- Hypoiodite
IO-2 Iodite
IO-3 Iodate
IO-4 Periodate
Created by: laurenGfrazier
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