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Ch2 CHEM VOCAB
Ch2 CHEM
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| polymers | plastics |
| monomers | small repeating unit from which a polymer molecule is made |
| polymer backbone | carbon atoms linked together in a long chain in a polymer molecule |
| amu | atomic mass unit |
| 1 amu | 1.6605 x 10^-24 g |
| isotopic abundances | percentages of atoms of an isotope in a element sample |
| mass number | combined total protons and neutrons |
| monatomic ion | ion with single atom |
| polyatomic ion | groups of atoms that carry a charge |
| anions | negative charge |
| cation | positive charge |
| chemical bonds | attractive force between two atoms holding a molecule together |
| chemical formula | symbolic description of a molecule |
| molecular formula | number of atoms of each element in a molecule |
| empirical formula | simplest whole number ratio of atoms each element |
| hydrates | compounds with 1+ water molecules in crystal lattice |
| lattice | regular, periodic arrangement of molecules in crystalline solid |
| ionic bonding | one compound loses electron and another gains it, attraction between 2 make it come together |
| formula unit | smallest whole number ratio of cations and anions in ionic compound |
| metallic bonding | proton core surrounded by floating electrons |
| covalent bonds | shared electrons |
| periodic law | elements display a regular and periodic variation in chemical properties |
| periodicity | regular patterns of behavior |
| periods | horizontal rows |
| groups | vertical columns |
| alkali metals | group 1 |
| alkali earth metals | group 2 |
| halogens | group 17 |
| noble gases | group 18 |
| transition metals | groups 3-12 |
| actinides | elements 89-103 |
| lanthanides | elements57-71 |
| metal | malleable, ductile, conduct electricity, and tends to form cations |
| nonmetal | not a metal |
| metalloids | some properties of metals, some properties of nonmetals |
| organic chemistry | anything involving carbon |
| inorganic chemistry | everything but carbon |
| line structure | visual representation of organic compounds |
| functional group | atoms in characteristic of organic compounds |
| addition reaction | 2+ smaller molecules form bigger molecule |
| hydrocarbons | molecules with only carbon and hydrogen |
| oxyanions | polyatomic anions with oxygen |
| HDPE | high density polyethylene |
| LDPE | low density polyethylene |
| UHMWPE | ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene |
| binary compound | compound with two different elements |
| chemical nomenclature | systematic assignment of names |
| free radicals | extremely reactive, unpaired electron |
| isotopes | atoms of same elements with different number of neutrons |
Created by:
brittanyallers
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