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Muscles of Inspirati
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Muscles of Inspiration and Expiration (List FIRST 8) | Diaphragm External intercostal Internal intercostal Levatores costarum Serratus posterior superior Sternocleidomastoid Scalenes Trapezius |
| Muscles of Inspiration and Expiration (List FINAL 7) | Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior Subclavius Levator scapulae Rhomboideus major Rhomboideus minor |
| A ______ pressure is created when the lungs expand | NEGATIVE |
| As ribcage expands, ____ expand also because of the association between the visceral and costal (parietal) pleurae | lungs |
| Air rushes into the lungs through upper respiratory tract until pressure within lungs is same as _________ pressure | atmospheric |
| Quiet Inspiration: requires only __ muscle | one |
| Forced Inspiration: requires ___ muscles | many |
| All muscles have an _______ and _____ | insertion, origin |
| All muscles will produce an ____ | action |
| There are _______ and _______ muscles when it comes to breathing | primary, accessory |
| accessory muscle is also called ______ muscle | (secondary) |
| Muscles can only perform one task: ______ | shortening! |
| Insertion (_____ point of attachment of muscle). Origin: point of attachment that has _____ movement. | Mobile, little |
| Diaphragm is ______ muscle of _______ | Primary, inspiration |
| Diaphragm separates the ______ and ______ cavities | abdominal, thoracic |
| Diaphragm: The intermediate region is called the _____ ______ | Central Tendon |
| When the muscle ______, the muscle fibers ______ and the diaphragm pulls the central tendon ____ and _______ | contracts, shorten, down, forward |
| Diaphragm: Origin: inferior boundary of the ___ -___, _____ process, and the _______ ________ _______ | rib cage, xiphoid, posterior vertebral column |
| Diaphragm: Insertion: ______ ______ | Central Tendon |
| Action: pulls central tendon ____ and _______ during inspiration (expands lungs in _______ dimension) | down and forward, vertical |
| External Intercostals: ______ muscles of inspiration (contribute to forced ________) | Accessory, inspiration |
| External Intercostals: Significant muscles for _____-assist in respiratory capacity and unique speech functions | speech |
| External Intercostals: Found between ___ of the _____ | ribs, thorax |
| External Intercostals: | inferior surface of ribs 1-11 |
| External Intercostals: | upper surface of rib immediately below |
| External Intercostals: Action: | elevate rib cage |
| Levator Costarum (Brevis and Longis) are considered ______ muscles | thoracic |
| The ____ (brief) and _____ muscles contribute to _______ of the rib cage | Brevis, Longis, elevation |
| Levator Costarum (Brevis and Longis) Innervated by | spinal nerves T2-T12 |
| Levator Costarum (Brevis): Origin: | transverse processes of vertebrae C7-T11 |
| Levator Costarum (Brevis): Insertion: | Tubercle of the rib below |
| Levator Costarum (Brevis): Action: | elevates rib cage |
| Levator Costarum (Longus): Origin: | transverse process of T7-T11 |
| Levator Costarum (Longus): Insertion | bypass the rib below the point of origin, inserting on the next rib |
| Levator Costarum (Longus): Action: | elevates rib cage |
| Serratus Posterior Superior: Origin: | spinous processes of C7 and T1-T3 |
| Serratus Posterior Superior: Insertion: | ribs 2-5 |
| Serratus Posterior Superior: Action: | elevates ribs 2-5 specifically |
| __________ Provide stability and control for neck flexion and extension in addition to assisting in respiration | Sternocleidomastoid |
| Sternocleidomastoid: Origin: | mastoid process of temporal bone |
| Sternocleidomastoid: Insertion: | sternal head and clavicle |
| Sternocleidomastoid: Action: | elevates sternum and rib cage |
| Scalenes are Muscles of the neck which provide stability for the ____ and assist in facilitating _______ | head, rotation |
| Scalenes include: (List 3) | anterior, medial, and posterior |
| Scalenes: Origin: | C2-C6 vertebrae |
| Scalenes: Insertion: | ribs 1-2 |
| Scalenes: Action: | elevates ribs 1-2 |
| Pectoralis Major is Large, fan-shaped muscle that originates from ___ ____ | two heads |
| Pectoralis Major: Origin: | sternal head and clavicular head |
| Pectoralis Major: Insertion: | greater tubercle of humerus |
| Pectoralis Major: Action: | elevates sternum and rib cage |
| Pectoralis ____ lies under Pectoralis Major | Minor |
| Pectoralis Minor: Origin: | ribs 2-5 |
| Pectoralis Minor: Insertion: | coracoid process of scapula |
| Pectoralis Minor: Action: | with shoulder fixed, elevates ribs 2-5 |
| Serratus Anterior is: | Similar to a serrated knife (serratus) |
| Serratus Anterior: Origin | ribs 1-9 |
| Serratus Anterior: Insertion: | scapula |
| Serratus Anterior: Action: | with shoulder fixed, elevates ribs 1-9 |
| Subclavius: Courses under the _______ | clavicle |
| Subclavius: Origin | clavicle |
| Subclavius: Insertion | first rib |
| Subclavius: Action: | elevates rib 1 |
| Levator Scapulae: Provides neck support and helps to elevate the _____ | scapula |
| Levator Scapulae: Origin: | transverse processes of C1-C4 |
| Levator Scapulae: Insertion: | scapula |
| Levator Scapulae: Action: | elevates scapula |
| Rhomboids: Includes major and ____ | minor |
| Rhomboids: Lie deep to the _____ | trapezius |
| Rhomboids: Origin: (Major) | spinous process of T2-T5 (major) |
| Rhomboids: Origin: (Minor) | spinous process of C7-T11 (minor) |
| Rhomboids: Insertion: | scapula |
| Rhomboids: Action: | Stabilizes shoulder girdle |
| Trapezius: Broad muscle of upper _____ | back |
| Trapezius: Origin: | spinous process of C2-T12 |
| Trapezius: Insertion: | scapula and clavicle |
| Trapezius: Action: | elongates neck and braces head while other muscles of inspiration move rib cage |
| Latissimus Dorsi: Primarily responsible for functions such as _____ arm, ______ shoulder | moving, pulling |
| Latissimus Dorsi: Also a muscle of _______ | expiration |
| Latissimus Dorsi: Origin | Iliac crest, T6-T12 vertebrae, lumbar fascia, lower 3-4 ribs |
| Latissimus Dorsi: Insertion: | Humerus |
| Latissimus Dorsi: Action: | With arm fixed, elevates rib cage (raises lower ribs) |
| Muscles of Expiration (1-5): | Internal Intercostals Transverse Thoracis Subcostals Serratus Posterior Inferior Rectus Abdominis |
| Muscles of Expiration: (6-10) | Transversus Abdominis Internal Abdominal Oblique External Abdominal Oblique Quadratus Lumborum Latissimus Dorsi |
| Internal Intercostals: Origin: | ribs 1-11 |
| Internal Intercostals: Insertion: | superior surface of rib below |
| Internal Intercostals: Action: | Depresses ribs 1-11 |
| Transverse Thoracis: Origin | lower third of sternum at inner surface |
| Transverse Thoracis: Insertion: | costal cartilage at ribs 2-6 |
| Transverse Thoracis: Action: | pull ribs down and inward |
| Subcostals vary in _______ | number |
| Subcostals: Origin: | inner thorax, inner surface of rib near angle |
| Subcostals: Insertion: | inner surface of second or third rib below |
| Subcostals: Action: | depresses thorax |
| Serratus Posterior Inferior: Origin: | spinous processes of T11-T12, L1-L3 |
| Serratus Posterior Inferior: Insertion: | lower margin of ribs 7-12 |
| Serratus Posterior Inferior: Action: | muscles pull the rib cage down |
| _________ _________ is a tendonous structure that provides an attachment point for many muscles of the abdomen | Abdominal aponeurosis |
| Abdominal aponeurosis includes (list 4) | Linea Alba Rectus Sheath Linea Semilunaris Inguinal Ligament |
| Abdominal Aponeurosis: Linea Alba: | White line that runs from xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis |
| Abdominal Aponeurosis: Linea Alba: | Forms a midline structure for muscle attachment |
| Abdominal Aponeurosis: Rectus Sheath: | Continuous layer of connective tissue from the linea alba to the external oblique muscles |
| Abdominal Aponeurosis: Rectus Sheath: | Splits into two layers at the linea alba to cover the abdominal muscles |
| Abdominal Aponeurosis: Linea Semilunaris : | Two layers from rectus sheath join to form a vertical line of aponeurosis |
| Abdominal Aponeurosis: Inguinal Ligament: | Thickened strand of aponeurosis running from anterior-superior iliac spine to pubic symphysis |
| Rectus Abdominis: | Midline muscles on sides of linea alba made up of 3 fibrous bands that cross stomach |
| Rectus Abdominis: Origin: | originates as four or five segments at the pubic inferiorly |
| Rectus Abdominis: Insertion: | xiphoid process of sternum and cartilage of ribs 5-7, lower ribs |
| Rectus Abdominis: Action: | flexion of vertebral column |
| Transversus Abdominis: | Deepest layer of the anterior abdominal muscles |
| Transversus Abdominis: Origin: | posterior abdominal wall at the vertebral column |
| Transversus Abdominis: Insertion: | transversus abdominis aponeurosis, inner ribs 6-12, and inferior attachment at the pubis |
| Transversus Abdominis: Action: | compress abdomen |
| Internal Abdominal Oblique: | Found between external and transverse oblique |
| Internal Abdominal Oblique: Origin: | inguinal ligament and iliac crest |
| Internal Abdominal Oblique: Insertion: | lowers ribs and abdominal aponeurosis |
| Internal Abdominal Oblique: Action: | rotates and flexes trunk, compresses abdomen |
| External Abdominal Oblique: | Most superficial and largest of this group of abdominal muscles |
| External Abdominal Oblique: Origin | lower seven ribs |
| External Abdominal Oblique: Insertion: | iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and abdominal aponeurosis |
| External Abdominal Oblique: Action | flexes vertebral column, compresses abdomen |
| Imagine relationship of _______ to ____ when comparing the internal and external abdominal oblique | superficial, deep |
| Quadratus Lumborum: | Located on the dorsal (back) portion of the abdominal wall. |
| Quadratus Lumborum: Origin: | iliac crest |
| Quadratus Lumborum: Insertion: | transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae and inferior border of rib 12 |
| Quadratus Lumborum: Action: | pulls last rib down, fixes rib cage inferiorly |
| Latissimus Dorsi: | Broad Triangular Muscle |
| Latissimus Dorsi: Origin: | lumbar, sacral, and lower thoracic vertebrae |
| Latissimus Dorsi: Insertion: | humerus |
| Latissimus Dorsi: Action: | stabilizes posterior abdominal wall for expiration |
Created by:
sarchelj