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Polyatomic Ions Ch.2
Focusing on 14 common Polyatomic Ions (The S.A. CHEM 1000-1025 List )
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acetate | (C2H3O2)-1 |
| Carbonate | (CO3)-2 |
| Nitrite | (NO2)-1 |
| Nitrate | (NO3)-1 |
| Sulfite | (SO3)-2 |
| Sulfate | (SO4)-2 |
| Phosphate | (PO4)-3 |
| Chromate | (CrO4)-2 |
| Dichromate | (Cr2O7)-2 |
| Permanganate | (MnO4)-1 |
| Hydroxide | (OH)-1 |
| Cyanide | (CN)-1 |
| Bicarbonate | (HCO3)-1 |
| Bisulfite | (HSO3)-1 |
| Bisulfate | (HSO4)-1 |
| What happens when you add a Hydrogen to a Polyatomic Ion? | You add a Bi- prefix to the Ionic name and adjust the charge to include the H+1. Example: Sulfate(-2) becomes Bisulfate(-1). |
| Ammonium | (NH4)+1 |
| Hydronium | (H3O)+1 |
| Are Cations positive or negative? | They are positive. An easy way to remember is to use the "t" in Cat: Cat ions Ca+ ions |
| Are Anions positive or negative? | They are negative. An easy way to remember is the "n" in An aN ion a(-) ion |
| Name two (+1) Polyatomic Cations. | Ammonium & Hydronium |
| Name six (-1) Polyatomic Anions. (do not include any of the Bi- hydrogens) | Acetate, Nitrate, Nitrite, Permanganate, Hydroxide, Cyanide |
| Name five (-2) Polyatomic Anions. (do not include any of the Bi- Hydrogens) | Carbonate, Sulfate, Sulfite, Chromate, Dichromate |
| Name one (-3) Polyatomic Anion. | Phosphate |
| Adding or subtracting Oxygen to a Polyatomic Anion changes: 1. Its name 2. Its charge 3. Both its name and charge 4. Neither its name or charge | Changes: 1. Its name Ex: Sulfite (SO3)-2 Sulfate (SO4)-2 Nitrite (NO2)-1 Nitrate (NO3)-1 |
| Adding or subtracting Hydrogen to a Polyatomic Anion changes: 1. Its name 2. Its charge 3. Both its name and charge 4. Neither its name or charge | Changes: 3. Both its name and charge Ex: Carbonate (CO3)-2 Bicarbonate (HCO3)-1 |