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Honors Chem Ch. 2

TermDefinition
FORMULA FOR DENSITY Mass / volume (y2-y1 / x2-x1)
PERCENT ERROR EQUATION Actual - experimental / actual X 100
SIGNIFICANT DIGITS: multiplication and division The # of significant digits in the end total is the same as the measurement with the smallest # of sig. digits
SIGNIFICANT DIGITS: addition and subtraction If all #s have decimals, then the limiting term is the one with the smallest # of decimal places
SCIENTIFIC NOTATION: multiplication Multiply coefficients, then add exponents
SCIENTIFIC NOTATION: division Divide coefficients, then subtract exponents
ACCURACY How close values are to an accepted value
PRECISION How close values are to one another
CALCULATING CELCIUS C= K-273
CALCULATING KELVIN K= C+273
DERIVED UNITS A combination of units (MPH, meters per sec)
DERIVED UNITS FOR DENSITY g/cm cubed
A penny has a mass of 3.1g and a volume of .35mL. What is the density? 3.1/0.35= 8.9 g/mL(3)
DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS Systematic way of converting units using conversion factors
CONVERSION FACTORS Ratios of equivalent values (1hr/60min)(1y/365days)
ERROR The difference between experimental and accepted values
YOU MUST HAVE THE SAME EXPONENT WHEN ___ OR ___ IN SCIENTIFIC NOTATION Adding or subtracting
ADDITION Add coefficients. Exponents must be the same.
SUBTRACTION Subtract coefficients. Exponents must be the same.
MULTIPLICATION Multiply coefficients; add exponents.
DIVISION Divide coefficients; subtract exponents.
All non-___ numbers are significant. Zero
Sandwiched zeros (zeros in ____ sig. digits)are significant. Between
Zeros that are only _____ for a decimal are insignificant. Placeholders
Zeros at the ___ of a number that also contains a ____ are significant. End; decimal
Exact numbers have an ____ number of significant digits. Infinite
1 liter = ______ 1 cubic decimeter (dm3)
EXPONENTS __ ___ HAVE TO BE THE SAME WHEN MULTIPLYING OR DIVIDING Do not
WHEN THE DECIMAL MOVES TO THE LEFT, THE EXPONENT: Goes up
WHEN THE DECIMAL MOVES TO THE RIGHT, THE EXPONENT: Goes down
Created by: mma129
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