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prob and stats chp1
Parameter vs Statistic & Sample vs Population
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| population | is the entire group of objects you want to study. ex: scores, people, measurements |
| sample | is a smaller subset chosen from the population and a representative of the population. |
| parameter | is a number which describes a property of only a sample. |
| random sample | every object in the population is equally likely to be picked for the sample. ex: pick name out of hats. |
| systematic sample | every Kth object is chosen for the sample. ex: think assembly line pick every 10th computer off the line. |
| convenience/volunteer/self-selected | are non scientific approaches that will not lead to a representative sample. ex: online surveys, phone polling, restaurant surveys |
| cluster sample | is the method that picks groups randomly from the population instead of pick one object. Every object in randomly selected groups forms our sample. |
| stratified sample | is the method when we divide the entire population into meaningful groups. Ex: republican and democrats, male or female randomly sample to fill each group |
| 1st: randomly pick groups from population. 2nd: sample is every object from the groups | cluster sample |
| 1st: subdivide population with named groups. 2nd: randomly select objects from each group. | stratified sample |
| quantitative data | is numeric data in which you can count. ex: ages, weight refers to data type not a level of measurement |
| categorical (qualitative) data | is NOT numeric but instead you break them into categories by labels. ex: eye color, letter grades NOT how many people. |
| ratio level | means 0=None Can not have negative numbers ex: age, length, weight, measurement of amounts |
| interval level | 0 not equal to NONE. can be negative. ex: temperature |
| ordinal level | categories have a built in order. reordering would be confusing. ex: letter grades a,b,c,d smallest to largest |
| nominal level | categories can be put in any order and not be confusing. can not be arranged in an ordering scheme. ex: eye color, names, labels, categories. |
| discrete data | data you can count. "number of" |
| continuous data | data you can measure ex: height, length, age |
Created by:
abrock82
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