Give an example of classifying

grouping objects into established scheme.

Give an example of Inferring

drawing conclusions based on a set of facts and careful reasoning

Give an example of communicating

sharing information with other scientists

Give an example of observing

using sight, hearing and touch to perceive an object.

A scientist wishing to study the effects of a certain nutrient on one type of cell would probably begin by:

isolate one type of cell using a light microscope

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Corr Biology

Correspondence study

Question	Answer
The theory that species change over time is called___________________?	evolution
What is the name of the process of passing traits from parents to offspring	inheritance
A favorable trait called a (an) ____________________ helps an organism survive in a specific environment	adaptation
When the study of right or wrong is applied to the field of biology, this is called _______________________?	bioethics
_____________________is the branch of biology that studies the interactions of organisms with one another and with their environment.	ecology
T or F: DNA is the molecule containing the genetic information passed from parent to offspring.	True
T or F: Sexual reproduction occurs when a bacterium splits in two.	False
T or F: A salamander is a multicellular organism.	True
T or F: The structure of the horned owl's beak allows it to perform a certain function	True
T or F: A pine tree is an example of heterotroph	False
Which of the following identifies the orderly formation of new cells from a parent cell? A. specialization B. organization C. Division D. Enlargement	C. division
A Complex set of responses is called: A. adaptation B. organization C. stimulation D. behavior	D. behavior
In multicellular organisms, tissues are organized into: A. cells B. organs C. systems D. molecules	B. organs
A hypothesis is:	putting a possible explanation into a testable statement
A theory is:	the most probably explanation for a set of data based on the available evidence.
Give an example of measuring	determining the size of a cell
Give an example of classifying	grouping objects into established scheme.
Give an example of Inferring	drawing conclusions based on a set of facts and careful reasoning
Give an example of communicating	sharing information with other scientists
Give an example of observing	using sight, hearing and touch to perceive an object.
The first process a scientist uses to ggather knowledge about nature is most likely: A. observing B. collecting C. predicting D. measuring	A. observing
A hypothesis that is supported by evidence may become: A. a process B. a theory C. a method D. a prediction	B. a theory
Once a hypothesis is formed, what step in the scientific method is likely to be next?	Predicting
Constructing a graph is an example of which scientific process?	Organizing data
A biologist studying bird life in a rain forest would use which process to gather data?	observing
T or F: In a controlled experiment, the control group and the experimental group are identical except for one factor.	True
T or F: The control group of vines is growing on artificial trees	False
T or F: The type of tree, real or artificial, is the dependent or responding variable	False
T or F: At the end of five days, the experimental trees had grown taller than the control trees.	False
T or F: The type of soil, temperature, light and water must be kept the same for both sets of vines.	True
T or F: Based on the data, it is inferred that vines absorb nutrients from the trees on which they grow.	True
Using a diagram to show relationships between living organisms is called__________________?	modeling
When a scientist publishes his observations in a scientific journal, he is _________________?	communicating
What is it called when scientists organize living things into groups that share similar traits?	classifying
Counting the number of birds of different species in a particular habitat is called	measuring
Drawing conclusions that are not based on direct observations is called>_______________?	inferring
What type of microscope can magnify objects up to 2,000 times	light microscope
What type of microscope cannot be used to observe living organisms?	electron microscope
What type of microscope can magnify objects up to 2 million times	electron microscope
What kind of microscope uses lenses and an electric light bulb to produce magnified images	light microscope
What type of microscope magnifies up to 100 million times and can indicate atomic composition and arrangement of surface atoms	scanning tunneling microscope
A scientist wishing to study the effects of a certain nutrient on one type of cell would probably begin by:	isolate one type of cell using a light microscope
The study of live paramecium would require what type of microscope	a light microscope
Separating heavy and light components in a solution could best be done by what?	centrifugation
Breaking apart a cell to study its parts would require:	fractionation
T or F: Centrifugation causes lighter particles of a sameple to settle to the bottom	False
T or F: Scientific sampling uses a small group to represent an entire population	True
T or F: Computers may be used to construct biological models	True
T or F: A scanning tunneling microscope requires a computer to analyze the motion of its scanning needle	True
T or F: Field biologists seldom keep careful records of locations and conditions under which they collect organisms.	False.
What is something that has mass and occupies space called	matter
The central core or nucleus of an atom is made up of what?	protons and neutrons
Electrons are particles with what type of charge	negative
The atomic number of an element tells its:	number of protons
The mass number of an element is the sum of what?	protons and neutrons
It is the number and arrangement of _____________________that determines how elements combine to form compounds	electons
Using slide 1, identify: A. atomic number of the atom. B. the mass number of the atom. C. The electrical charge of the atom.	A. 3 B 6 C. +1
Atoms of two or more elements joined by chemical bonds make up	compounds
Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler kinds of matter are________________	elements
What are the fundamental units of matter	atoms
Atoms of an element that differ only in the number of neutrons are ____________________ of that element.	isotopes
The number of protons or neutrons in the nucleus changes when a(n) ______________emits radiation.	radioisotopes
Ernest Rutherford used alpha particles to study the internal structure of __________.	atoms
Looking at slide 2. What does it show the atomic number, mass number and chemical symbol of?	elements
What can be used by scientists to trace the movement of chemicals through living organisms	radioisotopes
T or F: Covalent bonds form when atoms share pairs of electrons.	True
T or F: Hydrogen is most stable when its outer energy level contains 2 electrons.	True
T or F: Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a covalent compound.	False
T or F: Most elements are most stable when their outer shell contains 8 electrons.	True
Ions are electrically neutral	False
The physical and chemical properties of a compound are similar to the properties of the individual elements that compose it.	False
Ionic bonds are formed by loss or gain of electrons	True
See slide 3: Which model shows only the chemical formula for water?	Model A
See slide 3: The arrangement of electrons in a water moledule is shown in model	C
See slide 3: Which model represents the structural formula of a water molecule?	B
See slide 3: The distribution of electrical charge on a water molecule is represented by model	D
See slide 3: Which model gives the most information about the electron structure of oxygen and hydrogen atoms?	C
See slide 3: Which model gives the least information about the shape of a water molecule?	A
See slide 3: Which model would be most useful in determining the kind of bonding that occurs in water molecules	C
The combined substances in ____________lose their original chemical properties	compounds
In ________________, combined substances retain their original properties and no chemical change occurs	mixtures
What is a mixture of large particles in a liquid or gas that settle out over times	suspension
Cytoplasm inside a living cell is an example of a	colloid
A mixture in which ions, atoms or molecules are distributed evenly throughout another substance is a ___________________________	solution
Blood is an example of an important __________________ in biology	suspension
Plasma, the liquid part of blood, is an aqueous ________________________	solution.
Which has a bitter taste and feel slippery to the touch....acids or bases	bases
which tastes sour, cause a tingling or burning sensation to the skin....acids or bases	acids
which have more hydroxide ions (OH) than hydronium ions ...acids or bases	bases
which have more hydronium ions than hydroxide ions....acids or bases	acids
See slide 4: Which of the following has the highest concentration of hydronium ions and the lowest pH? A. milk of magnesia B. blood C. urine D. stomach acid	stomach acid
Which of the following is closest to neutral? A. blood B. intestinal fluid C. urine D. vinegar	blood
Which of the following has the highest pH? A. stomach acid B. water C. intestinal fluid D. ammonia	Ammonia
Which of the following is acidic? A. intestinal fluid B. water C. urine	urines
Which of the following is basic? A. vinegar B. water C. milk of magnesia	milk of magnesia
T or F: Since atoms and molecules are in motion, they have kinetic energy?	True
T or F: Water passing over a waterfall has potential energy	False
T or F: Energy changes occur during chemical reactions	True
T or F: Chemical reactions that release energy are endothermic reactions	False
T or F: In living cells, energy must be released slowly	True
T or F: Nutrients are broken down in body cells to provide energy for endothermic reactions	True
Is a carbon containing compound that is derived from living things an organic or inorganic?	organic
A molecule with a slightly positive area and a slightly negative area is said to be ______________	polar
Compounds derived from non-=living things are______________________	inorganic
What is a compound made up of repeated linked units	polymer
A number of monomers combine chemically to form a __________________________	polymer
Large polymers are called_______________________	macromolecules
T or F: Carbon forms four covalent bonds with other elements	True
T or F: Water is able to move upward through narrow tubes against the force of gravity	True
T or F: Carbon cannot bond with other carbon atoms	False
The most important types of _____________________ are DNA and RNA	nucleic acids
_________________are made up of monomers called amino acids	proteins
Sugars and starches are kinds of __________________	carbohydrates
Fats, oils, waxes and steroids are examples of ______________________	lipids
Enzymes are ____________________that act as catalysts within the cell.	proteins.
True or False: Behavior is a complex set of responses	TRUE
True or False: Scientists have identified and studied all species of organisms on earth?	False
T or F: All living things are composed of cells	True
T or F: Plants use solar energy in the process of photosynthesis	True
T or F: Computers may be used to construct biological models	True
T or F: Potential energy is energy of motion	False
T or F: Water is a neutral substance	True
T or F: Scientists often communicate by publishing results in scientific journals	True
T or F: Carbon forms five covalent bonds with other atoms.	False
T or F: Classification is used in biology to organize living things into groups that share similar traits and behaviors	True
T or F: Classification is used in biology to organize living things into groups that share similar traits and behaviors	True
The study of the interaction of organisms with one another and with their environment is	ecology
Scientific hypotheses are most often tested by the process of	experimenting
The most powerful microscope which magnifies up to 100 million times is the	scanning tunneling microscope
Which is the correct term for two or more elements joined by chemical bonds?	compounds
All organic compounds contain the element	O
Which of the following is a carbohydrate	sucrose
Amino acids are monomers of	proteins
The first living organism on earth was probably a	single cell
which of the following is a mixture	solution
A protein that serves as a catalyst is called a	enzyme
The theory that species change over time is	evolution
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants capture the energy of the	sun
The orderly formation of new cells from a parent cell is called cell	division
A trait that gives an organism an advantage in a specific environment is called an	adaption
In an electron microscope, an electron beam is focused by	magnets
What is the liquid part of an aqueous solution	water
Energy of motion is called what	kinetic energy
What is the term for the process of making and breaking chemical bonds	chemical reaction
Water molecules are able to move against gravity as a result of the property known as	capillarity
Fractionation and centrifugation are techniques that are often used by biologists to study the components of	cells
In the early 1900s a new model to replace Thomson's plum pudding one was developed by	Ernest Rutherford
A population of identical cells grown in the laboratory is called	cell cultures
Water is called a polar compound because of its uneven	charge
A chemical reaction that results in a net release of energy is what type of reaction	exothermic
determining the size of a cell is an example of what process	measuring
Give an example of the process classifying	grouping objects into an established scheme
Give an example of the process observing	using sight, hearing, or touch to perceive and object
What is publishing a scientific article an example of	communicating
What process is testing a hypothesis an example of?	experimenting
A neutron is a to a nucleus as _______ is to a compound	element
____________is to a proton as an acid is to a base	electron
What is a long chain of amino acids called	polypetide
What is the definition of nucleotide	the thousands of monomers that make up DNA and RNA
What is a lipid composed of four carbon rings?	steroid
Define ribonucleic acid	stores and transfers information essential for manufacturing protein
What are the monomers that make up most lipids	fatty acids.
Define Hypothesis	A statement that can be tested by experimenting
Define Theory:	The most likely explanation for a set of data with the best available data.
Define Kinetic energy	Energy in motion
Define Endothermic reaction	chemical reaction that has a net absorption of energy
Define Exothermic reaction	chemical reaction that has a net release of energy.
Compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction	They both result in an offspring, but are different in the way that sexual reproduction requires genetic information from another organism, but in asexual reproduction, the organism splits in two, the new organism usually containing identical genes
Compare and contrast Ionic and covalent bonds	Alike - both need eight electrons on the outer energy level, but ionic are based on + and - charges attracting and forming bond, while covalent two atoms share 1 or more electrons to form and are held together by a molecule.
Are 2 H2O and heat reactants or products	products
Are 2Hx and O2 reactants or products	reactants
How are structure and function related in biology?	structure of something like a beak relates to how the beak works. If it is a long beak it's probably for eating seeds.
Discuss the 7 characteristics of life	Cells are what make up living things. Energy, response to environment; growth; reproduction - either sexual or asexual; adaptions
List aqueous solutions and why they are important to living organisms and discuss why important	The sea where most marine organisms spend their life is aqueous. Plasma,the liquid part of blood is aqueous. They are important because the important gases and nutrients these organisms need to survive are in the aqueous solution.
T or F Some cells are more than one meter long	True
T or F: All living things are composed of cells	True
T or F: A single cell cannot carry on all the processes of life.	False
T or F: DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus	Tru
T or F: The cells of animals are prokaryotes	False
T or F: The shape of a cell is related to its function	True
T or F: The cell theory was the result of the work of one scientist.	False
Which of the following is a unicellular organism: Cat, Rose, Butterfly or Bacterium	Bacterium
A cell component that performs specific functions in the cell is called a(n):	organelle
The size of a cell is limited because very large cells would not have enough	surface area
All cell activity is directed by the:	nucleus
What microscope produces the greatest magnification of cells and three-dimensional images of them?	Scanning electron microscope
Where is a cell's ATP produced	mitochondrion
The nucleus is surrounded by a membrane called	nuclear envelope
A spindle fiber that helps move chromosomes during cell division is	microtubule
Production and transport of proteins within the cell is carried out by the	endoplasmic reticulum
The structure that directly controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell is called	cell membrane
A structure found in plant cells but not in animal cells is	Cell wall
What stores enzymes and waste products in plants	vacuole
What processes, packages and secretes cell products	Golgi apparatus
What is ribosome	the site of protein systhesis
What converts solar energy to chemical energy in plants	plastid
What contains digestive enzymes that destroy bacteria and worn-out cell parts	lysosome
T or F: Division of labor among different cell types is called cell specialization.	True
T or F: Leaves, stems and roots are examples of tissues	False
T or F: Cells within a tissue carry out a common function	True
T or F: The epithelial layer of skin is an example of a tissue	True
T or F: Complex processes such as digestion are carried out by organ systems	True
A structure within a cell that performs a special function is called a(n)?	organelle
A group of organs that work together to perform a particular task is a(n)	organ system
Several types of interacting tissues that perform a specific function make up a(n)	organ
A group of similar cells that live together in closely connected groups is a(n)	colonial organism
A group of similar cells that carry out a common function is	tissue
An example of osmosis is the movement of which of the following? A.water from an area of high to an area of low concentration B.water from an area of low to an area of high concentration C.ions from an area of high to an area of low concentration.	A. water from an area of high to an area of low concentration
Which of the following substances moves across the cell membrane by the process of osmosis? water, lipids, proteins, sugar or sodium ions	water
When water leaves the cells of a plant the plant wilts, what happens to turgor pressure?	a loss of turgor pressure results in plasmolysis
T or F: Osmosis is diffusion of any substance through a membrane	False
T or F: Molecules move constantly in straight lines until they hit something	True
T or F: Homeostasis is movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration	False
T or F: Contractile vacuoles remove solid waste from cells	False
T or F: A concentration gradient is a difference in concentrations of a substance across space	True
What type transport are diffusion and osmosis forms of?	passive transport
Where does the sodium-potassium pump release potassium ions?	inside the cell
Pinocytosis and phagocytosis are both examples of what?	endocytosis
Facilitated diffusion could be described as	a passive form of carrier transport
Substances too large to enter the cell by passing through the cell membrane may enter the cell by the process of :	endocytosis
T or F: The sodium-potassium pump is a form of active transport	True
T or F: The cell membrane consists of two layers of lipid membranes	True
T or F: Endocytosis is used to move packaged proteins out of the cell	False
T or F: Amebas feed by the process of phagocytosis	True
Passive transport requires chemical energy	False
What bond in the ATP molecule is broken to release energy	phosphate
The substance represented by A - P ~P~P is a product of the reaction catalyzed by	ATP synthetase
Oxygen is a product released during the process of	photosynthesis
The number of phosphate groups in an ADP molecule is	two
The ultimate source of energy for almost all living things is	sunlight
Radiant energy is converted to chemical energy through the process of	Photosynthesis
T or F: A process that requires a series of reactions is called a biochemical pathway	True
T or F: A cow that eats plants is an example of an autotroph	False
T or F: Respiration involves breaking down glucose to release its stored energy	True
T or F: Transfer or phosphate from ATP to another molecule is the process of phosphorylation	True
T or F: Only a heterotroph can carry out photosynthesis	False
What contains two high energy phosphate bonds that may be broken to release energy?	adenine triphosphate (ATP)
transfer of a phosphate group and its energy from ATP to another molecule is?	phosphorylation
What is formed when ATP loses a phosphate group and releases energy	adenine diphospate (ADP)
during this process, plants take in CO2 and release O2	photosynthesis
breaking down of glucose and release of energy	respiration
T or F: The light reactions of photosynthesis may occur only in the presence of light	True
T or F: Both light and dark reactions occur in the plant's chloroplasts	True
T or F: The dark reactions of photosynthesis may occur only in darkness	False
T or F: Changing CO2 into organic compounds is called carbon fixing	True
T or F: One of the end products of the Calvin cycle is NADPH + H+	False
T or F: CAM photosynthesis allows desert plants to fix carbon at night.	True
Autotrophs can use PGAL to form which of the following? amino acids, lipids, glycogen, cellulose, or all of the above?	All of the above
The plant pigment that absorbs red and blue light and reflects green light is	chlorophyll
An accessory pigment that allows red algae to live in deep ocean waters is	phycobilin
Glucose is formed in most autotrophs through	Calvin Cycle
During light-dependent reactions, light energy causes these two reactions	release of electrons from chlorophyll and splitting of H2O.
Hydrogen ions from water and electrons from chlorophyll combine with NADP+ resulting in	NADPH + H+
The final products that result from photosynthesis are	glucose and oxygen
During light reactions ATP is formed by energy generated by	chemiosmosis
ATP and NADPH + H+ formed during light-dependent reactions are converted back to ADP and NADP=	during the Calvin cycle
T or F: Pyruvic acid is a product of glycolysis	True
T or F: Anaerobic respiration supplies more ATP than aerobic respiration	False
T or F: Glycolysis is the first step of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration	True
The electron transport chain provides the most ATP during aerobic respiration	True
T or F: The Krebs cycle produces 6 ATP molecules	False
T or F:: Lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells during exercise, causing you to feel tired and sore	True
T OR F: Yeasts and plants carry out lactic acid fermentation	False
T or F: Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria	True
The breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid is called	glycolysis
The breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid produces a net gain of ATP molecules of:	2
What is the breakdown of pyruvic acid without the use of oxygen called?	Krebs cycle
What is an electron transport chain?	series of reactions within the mitochondrial membrane that produce 34 ATP molecules and water.
What is the compound that first enters the Krebs cycle?	acetyl-CoA
the central process of aerobic respiration that releases carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions	Krebs cycle
the coenzyme that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in the biochemical pathways of respiration	NAD+
In aerobic respiration the final hydrogen acceptor is	oxygen
The end products in teh fermentation of yeasts are	ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide
Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvic acid which is used for which of the following: lactic acid fermentation, Krebs cycle, alcoholic fermentation or all of the above	all of the above
During the Krebs cycle, hydrogen atoms are picked up by the coenzymes:	NAD and FAD
Fermentation is necessary process for anaerobic organisms because:	it regenerates NAD+ used to make ATP
The number of ATP molecules produced from the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose by aerobic respiration is	38
T or F: all living things pass on exact copies of their DNA to their offspring.	True
T or F: in DNA, purines can pair only with other purines.	False
T or F: the enzyme DNA helicase "unzips" the two strands of DNA by breaking their hydrogen bonds.	true
T or F: Guanines and adenines have a single ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms.	F
T or F: Replication begins as enzymes at one end attach complimentary bases one at a time to separate strands.	F
T or F: DNA replication is accurate to one error per billion nucleotides.	True
What is the name of the five-carbon sugar in DNA?	deoxyribose
The type of bonds that hold two strands of DNA together are:	Hydrogen bonds
Damaged DNA is usually repaired by:	Enzymes
The double helix structure for DNA was first described by:	Watson and Crick
Serves as a template for the assembly of amino acids during protein synthesis:	mRNA
Uracil is classified as a type of:	nitrogen base
Ribose is classified as a type of	sugar
The process of transcription occurs:	in the nucleus of the cell
The pyrimidine bases in RNA are:	cytosine and uracil
Protein synthesis occurs:	in the cytoplasm
T or F: Groups of three nitrogen bases in a particular sequence make up mRNA codons.	True
T or F: All codons encode amino acids.	False
T or F: Ribosomal RNA is the intermediary between an amino acid and a codon.	False
T or F: Amino Acids float freely in the cytoplasm until they become attached to tRNA.	true
T or F: Some codons act as start and stop signals for ribosomes.	true
The process of assembling protein molecules from messenger RNA is:	translation
Transfer RNA has a three-base sequence called an anti-codon that pairs with:	the mRNA codon
RNA is a globular form; contained in ribosomes.	rRNA
Single RNA strand folded back on itself to form clover-like structure.	tRNA
Process of duplication of a DNA molecule.	replication
Single, uncoiled strand of RNA: transmits information from DNA.	mRNA
Process of RNA production from DNA.	transcription
T or F: All plants have the same number of chromosomes in each body cell, regardless of species.	False
T or F: Chromosomes occur in pairs in organisms that produce sexually.	true
T or F: At the beginning of cell division, DNA replicates.	True
T or F: Two members of a homologous pair of chromosomes are quite different from one another.	False
T or F: A haploid cell contains only one chromosome of each homologous pair.	True
Proteins and thin, uncoiled strands of DNA make up the ______ in a non-dividing cell.	chromatin
One of the main functions of the centromere is to:	join sister chromatids
since the haploid, or 1N, number of a human eff or sperm cell is 23, the diploid, or 2N, number of a human cell is:	46
A special protein that forms part of the structure of a chromosome is:	histone
T or F: A cell spends the largest part of its life in interphase.	true
T or F: Cell division is most likely to occur when the surface-to-volume ration of a cell is high.	false
T or F: The muscle and nerve cells of animals are not capable of dividing.	True
T or F: Mitosis results in daughter cells that are genetically different from one another.	false
T or F: Flemming used a series of drawings of stained cells to create a model of the cell division process.	true
T or F: The cell is a continuous process.	true
The main function of meiosis in sexual reproduction is to produce:	gametes
During crossing over, portions of the chromotids:	exchange genes
Synapsis occurs during:	pairing of homologous chromosomes
Cells receiving little or no cytoplasm during meiosis are:	polar cells.
The phase during which tetrads form is:	prophase I
T or F: Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes by half.	true
T or F: Since asexual reproduction involves only on parent, these offspring are genetically identical to the parent.	true
T or F: Organisms that reproduce asexually have a better chance of survival as a species than those that reproduce sexually.	false
T or F: Meiosis produces four nuclei that have different numbers from the parent cell.	true
T or F: Genetic recombination results in identical offspring.	false
To or F: Cells that are specialized for transmitting messages make up nerve tissue.	true
T or F: Osmosis is active transport of water.	false
T or F: the leaf of a plant is an example of an organ.	true
T or F: Cytolysis occurs when a cell takes in too much water and bursts.	true
T or F: Pyruvic acid is broken down in the process of glycolysis.	false
T or F: Most plants are heterotrophs.	false
T or F: Lactic acid fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration.	true
T or F: Cells spend most of their lifetime in the processes of mitosis and cytokinesis.	false
T or F: DNA stores information for cell reproduction.	true
T or F: Asexual reproduction occurs by mitosis.	true
Division of labor among different cell types in multicellular organisms is called?	cell specialization.
When cells break down glucose the relaease:	CO2
Which of the following is found in animal cells:	nuclear envelope
The products of photosynthesis re:	glucose and O2
A plant containing a 40% concentration of soluble molecules will undergo plasmolysis when placed in a solution containing whick of the following concentrations of soluble molecules?	60%
The maximum number of ATP molecules that may be produced from a molecule of glucose by aerobic respiration is:	38
The maximum net numb er of ATP molecules that may be produced from a molecule of glucose be anaerboic respiration is:	2
How many chromosomes are there in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8?	16
The physical structure of the genetic code is DNAs sequence of	nitrogen bases
Which of the following cells would be produced by mitosis?	body cell
Proteins are composed of:	amino acids
Which of the following consists of a single strand of nucleotides?	tRNA
Which of the following separates the complementary strands of DNA during transcription?	RNA polymerase
Transporting amino acids to the ribosomes for assembly into proteins is the function of:	tRNA
Cells must maintain a state of balance with their immediate environment; this is called:	Homeostasis
Two strands of DNA form a spiral structure that resembles a twisted ladder and is called a _____.	double helix
The ration of the surface area to volume limits a cell's_____.	size
Cilia and flagella are structures on the surface of a cell that function in _____.	movement.
Active transport systems are a form of cell transport that requires energy from molecules of ____.	ATP
Fast-growing plants such as corn or wheat adapted to hot dry climates use a type of carbon fixation called ______.	C4 pathway
The main pigment associate with the two photosystems is_______.	Chlorophyll a and b
The part of mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid is called the ______.	codon
The sequence of events that occurs in a cell from one mitotic division to the next is called the _____.	cell cycle
G1,S, G2 are the three periods of a process called _____.	interphase
Plants are green because they reflect ____light.	green
the stage of photosynthesis in which glucose is synthesized	dark reactions
type of plastid	chloroplast
important three-carbon intermediate in both cell respiration and photosynthesis	PGAL
organism that can synthesize its own food	autotroph
major photosynthetic pigment	chlorophyll
organism that must obtain its food from the environment	heterotroph
stage of photosynthesis in which ATP is made and water is split	light reactions
the cell cycle has five events. name the first event.	G1 phase
the cell cycle has five events. name the second event.	S phase
the cell cycle has five events. name the third event.	G2 phase
the cell cycle has five events. name the fourth event.	mitosis
the cell cycle has five events. name the fifth event.	cytokinesis
Adenine is to __________ as cytosine is to guanine.	thymine
Thymine is to DNA as _______ is to RNA.	uracil
What is the difference between ADP and ATP?	ADP has two phosphate groups while ATP has three.
What do the prefixes "di" and "tri" tell you about the chemical composition of ADP and ATP?	Di means two and tri means three.
The DNA molecule has how many strands?	2
The nucleotide is made up of a _______, a ________ and a _________.	nucleotide, sugar and phosphate
Strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds between the __________.	nucleotides
In the bonding between the nitrogen bases of the DNA strands, adenine bonds only with ____________ and cytosine bonds only with ______________.	thymine guanine
Identify the three parts of the cell theory and explain each part in your own words.	Every cell comes from an existing cell. All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the basic unit of organisms, their function and structure.
What compounds are formed or released as a result of the light and dark reactions?	light - ATP, NADPH, H+, O2 dark - glucose
What is the specific function of oxygen in aerobic respiration?	Breaks down pyruvic acid to make water and carbon dioxide.
How does genetic recombination help a species survive?	It passes down different traits from parents. That is likely to strengthen the species over time.
Why is it said that all life depends on autotrophs?	If there were no autotrophs herbivores would have nothing to eat and would soon die-off. Carnivores would have nothing to eat either and would also die off soon.

Created by: dhollie

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