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Short Story Terms

TermDefinition
Protagonist Main character
Antagonist the character in conflict with the main character
Dynamic character a character which changes during the course of a story or novel. The change in outlook or character is permanent. Sometimes a dynamic character is called a developing character.
Static character a character that remains primarily the same throughout a story or novel. Events in the story do not alter a static characters outlook, personality, motivation, perception, habits, etc.
Flat character A character who reveals only one, maybe two, personality traits in a story or novel, and the trait(s) do not change.
Round character A well developed character who demonstrates varied and sometimes contradictory traits. Round characters are usually dynamic (change in some way over the course of a story).
Foil character a character that is used to enhance another character through contrast.
Stock character A special kind of flat character who is instantly recognizable to most readers. Possible examples include the "ruthless business man", "shushing old librarian", or "dumb jock". They are not the focus nor developed in the storyl
Point of View The perspective from which a speaker or writer recounts a narrative or presents information.
First Person POV The story or narrative is told by a character, often the protagonist. First person POV is recognizable from the use of the pronoun "I".
Third Person Objective POV The story is told from the perspective of a person watching the story - not participating in it. The inner thoughts and inner feelings of the characters are not revealed. The reader can not understand any "hidden" feeling or thoughts.
Third Person Limited POV The story is told from a narrator's POV, not a person telling their own story like first person POV. In this case, the thoughts and feelings of one character (usually the protagonist) are clearly stated. The reader understands how one character thinks and feels.
Exposition (Introduction) Section that introduces characters, the setting, and conflicts.
Rising Action -Consists of a series of complications. - Thee occur when the main characters take action to resolve their problems and are met with further problems like fear, hostility and threatening situation.
Climax The turing point in the story: The high point of interest and suspense.
Falling Action / Resolution All events following the climax or turning point in the story. These events are a result of the action taken at the climax.
Denouement (Resolution) The end of the central conflict: it shows how the situation turns out and ties up loose ends.
Foreshadowing Clues the writer puts in the story to give the reader hints of what is to come.
Irony A contrast between expectation and reality.
Verbal Irony Saying one thing but meaning something completely different (sarcasm).
Situational Irony A contradiction between what we expect to happen and what really does happen.
Dramatic Irony Occurs when the reader knows something important that the characters in the story do not know.
Symbolism When a concrete item, a colour, a person or an action represents and abstract idea. Example: scales function is to weigh things, but they are also a symbol of our justice system.
Setting The time and location in which a story takes place.
Place The geographical location. Where is the action of the story taking place?
Time When is the story taking place? (Historical period, time of day, year, etc).
Mood and Atmosphere What feeling is created at the beginning of the story? Is it bright and cheerful or dark and frightening?
Third Person Omniscient POV The story is told from the perspective of a person watching the story - not participating in it, but unlike 3rd person objective, thoughts and feelings of several characters are revealed. The reader understands the thoughts, feelings and actions of several characters.
Created by: 100003319108652
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