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QA & QC general XRAY
imaging 2a qa & Qc
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is quality management | establishment of standards or guiding principles |
| what is the purpose of quality management | helps manage, minimize and mitigate risks |
| risk management is | an integral part in keeping patients safe |
| why is quality important | 1. importance to patients 2. importance to staff 3. importance to organization |
| factors of importance to patients | 1. more affordable 2. improved quality of healthcare 3. increased confidence |
| example of increased confidence | 1. state of the art medical devices 2. professional staff |
| factors of importance to staff | 1. staff can be demotivated if quality of service rendered is not optional 2. good QA/QC system |
| good QA/QC system helps in : | 1. improving work processes 2. increased job satisfaction 3. less frustration |
| factors of importance to organization | 1. reduced costs 2. improve QA/QC is self financing 3. improve financial growth and viability of the healthcare 4. Cheltenham general hospital reported in 1991 that the estimated cost of not doing things right was $4 million per year |
| what does CQI stands for | Continuous Quality Improvement |
| definition of continuous quality improvement (CQI) | 1. total quality management 2. total quality control 3. total quality leadership 4. total quality improvement & statistical quality control |
| why is the satisfaction of the customer, both internal & external, responsible for CQI | it focuses on the needs & expectations of customers & continuous improvement of the service |
| what is quality assurance | a set of specific tests designed to verify that the development and/or maintenance process is adequate to meet its objectives |
| what is quality control | a set of activities done for maintenance of proper standards in the manufactured products of a system |
| tools to identify problems and analysis | 1. brainstorming 2. focus groups 3. quality improvement team 4. information analysis |
| characteristics of brainstorming | group process used to develop a large collection of ideas without regards to their validity |
| characteristics of focus groups | 1. smaller groups that focuses on a particular problem & derive a solution 2. must have a skilled facilitator |
| characteristics of quality improvement team | a group of individuals who implement the solutions derived by the focus group (i.e Process Improvement Project (PIP)) |
| what does PIP stands for | Project Improvement Project |
| characteristics of information analysis | to organise the data collected for analysis |
| equipment or tools needed for QA tests | 1. x-ray survey meters 2. phantoms |
| what are x-ray survey meters | measurement of multiparameters |
| example of measurement of multiparameters | 1. kVp 2. dose 3. dose rate 4. Half Value Layer (HVL) 5. pulse 6. pulse rate 7. mA 8. mAs 9. time 10. waveforms |
| types of QA tests | 1. AEC reproducibility test 2. kVp linearity test 3. mAs linearity test 4. entrance dose assessment 5. image resolution assessment 6. beam limiting device accuracy test |
| types of AEC reproducibilty test | 1. density control 2. dose assessment |
| kVp linearity test means fixed _____ | mAs |
| mAs linearity test means fixed ______ | kVp |
| features of the collimation/beam alignment test | 1. provide necessary verification of proper congruence of the collimator light field & xray beam 2. misalignment of collimator may cause key portions of the image to be missing 3. beam alignment portion confirms central ray is perpendicular to IR |
| _____ beam alignment will cause a ________ radiographic image | improper, distorted |
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