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The Muscular System
the muscular system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| fasci/o | fascia , fibrous band |
| fibr/o | fiber |
| kines/o | movement |
| kinesi/o | movement |
| my/o | muscle |
| muscul/o | muscle |
| tax/o | coordination , order |
| ten/o | stretch out ,tendon , extend ,strain |
| tend/o | stretch out ,tendon , extend ,strain |
| tendin/o | tendon |
| ton/o | tension , tone , stretching |
| a- | no , not , without , away from , negative |
| ab- | away from ,negative , absent |
| ad- | toward ,to in the direction of |
| an- | no , not , without |
| bi- | twice , double , two |
| brady- | slow |
| dys- | bad , difficult , or painful |
| electro- | electricity ,electric |
| epi- | above , upon , on |
| hemi- | half |
| tri- | three |
| -cele | hernia , tumor , swelling |
| -ia | abnormal condition , diease , plural or ium |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| -penia | deficiency , lack , too few |
| -plegia | paralysis , stroke |
| -rrhexis | rupture |
| abduction | is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body |
| adduction | is the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body |
| ataxia | is the inability to coorindate muscle activity during voluntary movement |
| atonic | means lacing normal muscle tone or stength |
| atrophy | means weakness or wearing way of body tissue and structures.Atrophy of a muscle or muscles can be caused by pathology or by disuse of the muscle over a long period of time |
| bradykinesia | is extreme slowness in movement |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | symptons occurs when the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel are chronically overuse and become inflamed and swollen |
| chronic fatigue syndrome | is a disorder of unknown cause that affects many body parts |
| circumduction | movement of a limb or extremity so that the distal end describes a circle while the proximal end remains fixed |
| contracture | is the permanent tightening of fascia ,muscles ,tendons ,ligaments ,or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissue are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues. |
| dorsiflexion | is the movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle.Pointing the toes and foot upward decreases the angle between the top of the foot and the front of the leg |
| dyskinesia | is the distortion or impairment of voluntary movement such as in a tic or spasm |
| dystaxia | is a mild form of ataxia |
| dystonia | is a condition of abnormal muscle tone that causethe impairment of voluntary muscle movement |
| electromyography | is a diagnostictest that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation |
| epidondylitis | is inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow |
| ergonomics | an applied science concerned with the characteristics of people that need to be considered in designing things that they use in order that people and things will interact most effectively and safely |
| exercise physiologist | is a specialist who works under the supervison of a physician to develop, implement, and coordinate excerise peograms, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness |
| fasciitis | is inflammation of a fascia |
| fibromyalgia syndrome | is a debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue , diffuse and or specific muscle , joint , or bone pain , and a wide range of other symptoms |
| ganglion cyst | is a harmless fluid-dilled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist , which is caused by repeated minor injuries , its usually plainless nd doesnt require treatment |
| heel supr | is a calcuim deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the calcaneus(heel)bone that can be one of the causes of plantar fasciitis |
| hemiparesis | is slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body |
| hemiplegia | is total paralysis affecting only one side of the body |
| hyperkinesia | is abnormally increased muscle function or activity |
| hypertonia | is a condition of excessive tone of the skeletal muscles |
| hypokinesia | is abnormally decreased |
| hypotonia | is a condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscles |
| impingement syndrome | occurs when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joints |
| intermittent claudication | is pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and relieved by rest |
| muscular dystrophy | any of a group of hereditary diseases characterized by progressive wasting of muscles |
| myasthenia gravis | a disease characterized by progressive weakness and exhaustibility of voluntary muscles without atrophy or sensory disturbance and caused by an autoimmune attack on acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions |
| myocele | is the herniation of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it |
| myoclonus | is the sudden involuntary jerking of a muscle or grpop of muscles |
| myofascial release | is a specialized soft tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of condition such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joints disorders and carpal tunnel syndrome |
| myolysis | is the degeneration of muscle tissue (degeneration means breaking down) |
| myoparesis | is a weakness or slight muscular paralysis |
| myorrhaphy | is the surgical suturing a muscle wound |
| myotonia | is a neruromuscular disorder characterized by the slow relaxaton of the muscles after a voluntary contraction |
| nocturnal myoclonus | is jerking if the limbs that can occur normally as a person is falling alseep |
| oblique | means slanted or an at an angle |
| paralysis | is the loss if sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle thriugh diease or injury to its nerve supply |
| paraplegia | is the paralysis of both leds and the lower part of the body |
| physiatrist | is a physician who specializes in treating the causes of paralysis and similar muscular disorders in which there is a loss of function |
| plantar fasciitis | ia an inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot (heel pain when waking) |
| polymyositis | is a muscle diease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in mary parts of the body |
| pronation | is the act of rotating the arm or the leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot, is turned downward or backward |
| quadriplegia | is paralysis of all four extremities |
| sarcopenia | is the loss of muscle mass , strength ,and function that comes with aging |
| shin splint | is a painful condition caused by the muscle tearing away from the tibia(shin bone) |
| singultus | hiccup |
| spasmodic torticollis | is a stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward te affected side |
| sphincter | is a ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a pathway |
| sprain | is a injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist that usally involves a stretched or torn ligament |
| tendesis | is the surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone |
| tenodynia | is pain in a tendon |
| tenolysis | is the release of a tendon from adhensions |
| tenorrhaphy | is surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendons |
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