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lsl16
test questions done print
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe in general the history of CI since 1950 | The first report of stimulation of the acoustic nerve by direct application of an electrode, in a totally deaf person was in 1957 by Djourno and Eyries. During this surgery an electrode was placed on a segment of the auditory nerve. |
| Detail normal cochlear function and the impact of sensorineural hearing loss on the normal cochlea | In the inner ear, the cochlea and auditory nerve which work together to turn acoustical sound waves that enter the ear into electrical impulses that are transmitted through the auditory nerve to the brain where they are perceived as sound. |
| name the 3 main CI companies and their associated CI implants | Cochlear Corporation (Australian), Nucleus 6 MedEl Corporation (Austrian),RONDO - The World‘s First CI Single-Unit Processor and Advanced Bionics Corporation (American)Now has water proof CI |
| What are the major components of the typical CI system? outside | microphones picks up sound from the environment.a speech processor which filters sound to prioritize audible speech, splits the sound into channels and sends the electrical sound signals through a thin cable to the transmitter, |
| What are the major components of the typical CI system? outside | a transmitter, which is a coil held in position by a magnet placed behind the external ear, and transmits power and the processed sound signals across the skin to the internal device by electromagnetic induction, |
| What are the major components of the typical CI system? inside | a receiver and stimulator secured in bone beneath the skin, which converts the signals into electric impulses and sends them through an internal cable to electrodes, |
| What are the major components of the typical CI system? inside | an array of up to 22 electrodes wound through the cochlea, which send the impulses to the nerves in the scala tympani and then directly to the brain through the auditory nerve system. |
| List the current candidacy criteria for pediatric cochlear implant candidates. | Profound sensorineural hearing loss in both ears. Lack of progress in development of auditory skill with hearing aid High motivation and realistic expectations from family other medical conditions, do ont interfere with cochlear implant procedure |
| Describe the role of the AVT after implant | Actively involve and guide parent(s) and caregivers in individualized one-to-one therapy to provide maximum acoustic stimulation within meaningful contexts and to become the child’s primary models for spoken language development; involve whole child |
| Who are on the CI team? | Audiologist, surgeon, speech language pathologist, psychologist, educator, social worker, AVT |
| Describe the surgical procedure of CI | hair shaved, small incision made behind ear A small seat is created in the mastoid bone to hold the receiver/stimulator and protect it. The surgeon drills through the mastoid bone to the inner ear. The electrode array is then inserted into the cochlea. |
| contraindications and risks of CI | Can not have MRI so if medical fragile may not be able to be implanted. infection. nerve damage |
| Discuss the frequency of post-surgical audiological management for children with cochlear implants | Activation/programming 3-4 weeks after surgery Follow-up programming visits to fine tune the device are done weekly, then monthly, then once a year. Aural rehabilitation therapy 1 to 2 times a week. |
| What is the role of the Cochlear Implant with children with auditory neuropathy? | Children with ANSD are benefiting speech processor programming should be customized and individualized remembering to try slowing the rate, widening the pulse width, and optimizing the tonotopic perception by eliminating channels in their map. |
| List at least two predicted changes to pediatric candidacy criteria and cochlear implant technology in the future. | Decreasing age of implantation More residual hearing Auditory-based learning |
| Why is the Auditory-Verbal approach preferred for many children who are candidates for Cochlear implants | AV uses listening only. Involves family. Family most important part of therapy |
| Which of the following reflects a normal sequence of spoken language development? | Crying, cooing/smiling/laughing, babbling/imitation, transition to first words. |
| Which of the following typically comes first in the normal sequence of spoken language | Use of plural /s/ |
| Which of the following typically comes first in the normal sequence of spoke language | Express 3-5 attributes at the single-word level |
| Low frequency sounds cause maximum displacement and stimulation of the sensory cells at | The apex of the cochlea |
| Single channel cochlear implants provide the following speech information | timing and loudness |
| Multi-channel implants provided the following information about the speech signal | Temporal information loudness Frequency Characteristics |
| Individual settings are related to the amount of electrical energy (current) needed to generate a "just hearing" response to a comfortably loud hearing level for each electrode | Dynamic range |
| High frequency sounds cause maximum stimulation of the hair cells at the base of the cochlear and low frequency sounds cause maximum stimulation of the hair cells at the apex of the cochlea. This organization is referred to as | Tonotopic |
| Sound is picked up by the | Microphone |
| sound is sent to the | speech processor |
| In the processor the sound is manipulated and coded. The output is sent to the | transmitter |
| The coded signal is sent across the skin to | receiver |
| the ________/____________ converts the code to electrical signals. | receiver/stimulator |
| The electrical signals are sent to the ________ to stimulate the nerve fibers. Signals are recognized as sounds by the brain | electrodes |
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