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Chemistry C2 Rev.

QuestionAnswer
What is an ISOTOPE? Different atomic forms of the same element, which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
What is IONIC BONDING? When atoms lose or gain an electron
What is COVALENT BONDING? When atoms share an electron
What is an EXOthermic reaction? Transfers energy/heat to surroundings
What is an ENDOthermic reaction? Energy is taken from surroundings and into reaction
What is an ACID? A substance with a PH less than 7
What is a BASE A substance with a PH more than 7 and is used to neturalise a reaction
What is an ALKALI A base that dissolves in water
What is ELECTROPLATING? Uses electrolysis to coat the surface of on metal with another
What are the features of DIAMOND? -Four strong covalent bonds -Very rigid -High MP -Insoluble in water -Not conduct electricity/heat
What are the features of GRAPHITE -3 covalent bonds -Layers which are free to slide over eachother - Soft -High MP -Each carbon atom has one delocalised electron which allows it to conduct heat/electricity
What is THERMOSETTING polymer -Consists of polymer chains with cross links between them -Strong tough hard rigid - Strong intermolecular forces
What is a THERMOSOFTENING polymer -Consists of individual tangled polymer chains - Melts easily - Weak intermolecular forces - Chains are free to slide over eachother
What 4 things affect the rate of a reaction? Temperature, Concentration, Catalyst, SA of solids
ACID + METAL -> SALT + HYDROGEN
ACID + BASE -> SALT + WATER
ACID + CARBONATE -> SALT + WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE
Why is CRYOLITE used in the extration of aluminium To lower the temperature and costs
Created by: Ello123
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