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chemistry01

TermDefinition
matter Physical substance in general
elements a substance consisting of atoms which all have the same number of protons
compounds a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together
mixtures A substance made by mixing other substances together
atoms The basic unit of a chemical element
protons A stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge
neutrons A subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge
electrons A stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms
nucleus The positively charged central core of an atom
atomic mass The mass of an atom expressed in atomic mass units. It is approximately equivalent to the number of protons and neutrons in the atom
periodic table A table of the chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number
physical properties any property used to characterize matter and energy and their interactions
chemical properties a property used to characterize materials in reactions that change their identity
malleability the property of being physically malleable; the property of something that can be worked or hammered or shaped without breaking.
ductility the malleability of something that can be drawn into threads or wires or hammered into thin sheets
density Mass per unit volume
solubility the quantity of a particular substance that can dissolve in a particular solvent
chemical formulas a representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements
homogeneous mixture A substance that is uniform in composition is a definition
heterogeneous mixture a mixture is a material system made up by two or more different substance which are (mixed) together but are not combined
metals A solid material that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity.
nonmetals not containing or resembling or characteristic of a metal
metalloids An element whose properties are intermediate between those of metals and solid nonmetals
group A vertical column in the Periodic Table
period the term period refers to a horizontal row of the periodic table
chemical reaction A process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance
physical change a change from one state to another without a change in chemical composition.
chemical change any process determined by the atomic and molecular composition and structure of the substances involved
reactants A substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.
products A product is a substance that is formed as the result of a chemical reaction.
law of conservation of matter a fundamental principle of classical physics that matter cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system
subscripts subscripts in chemistry are used in writing formulas. In H2O, the 2 is the subscript. The subscript indicates the number of the preceding element.
coefficient a number placed in front of a term in a chemical equation to indicate how many molecules (or atoms) take part in the reaction.
compound A thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture
solute The minor component in a solution, dissolved in the solvent.
solutions a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. A solution may exist in any phase.
substances all compounds are substances but not all substances are compounds since pure elements are also chemical substances. Chemical compounds may exist as solid, liquid or gas.
Created by: kamrynbaker12
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