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STRoke
test 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| every minute how many brain cells are destroyed in a CVA | 2 billion |
| a sudden decrease in blood flow to the brain tissue is? | stroke/CVA |
| 3 types of strokes | thrombus/ embolus/ hemmorhagic |
| unmodifiable risk factors for CVA. raghto | race( AA and hispanics),age(doubles each decade afer 55), gender( female=hormones), heredity, previous tia, obesity |
| CVA= what is a risk factor in hispanics | ischemic in younger age, hemmorrhage overall |
| CVA; clot forms somewhere else, and becomes LODGED in the cerebral vessel too narrow and blood vessel is then occluded is __________ stroke | embolus |
| CVA; blood clot formation narrowing of the system is ____ | thrombus |
| CVA; hemmorragic blood built up in the brain is _________ | blood |
| women are at increased risk for CVA because of _________ | birth control pills, and estrogen |
| brain can maintain its auto regullatgion between _SBP and ___SBP | 160-50 |
| modifiable CVA risk factors? 4 hshdsc all diseases and lifestyles) | HTN smoking HD/ DM/ sleep apnea/ cholesterol |
| the tool that measures LOC, vision, facial paralysis, motor abilities, ataxia, sensation, language, and attention is? | NIH= National Institute of Health Stroke Scale |
| what is the first technique used to demonstrate a shift in intracranial content and is useful in distinguishing the type of stroke | CT |
| ischemic strokes are usually visible w a CT scan ___-___hrs post stroke. hemmorage strokes are visible ______ | 6-8/immediately |
| name other tests used to diagnose CVA are; mmpsta | MRI/MRA/PET/SPECT/ transcranial ultrasound doppler, anteriogram |
| ________therapy help prevent contractures and improvemuscle strengh and coordination | physical |
| `______therapy provides assistive devices and a plan for regaining lost motor skills | occupational |
| ______therapy is provided to help the patient improve swallowing as well as how to relearn to speak | speech |
| age risk factor for CVA; doubles each decade after ____ and -/- occur over age 65 | 55/2/3 |
| this CVA is ischemia to core area, has cellular breakdown and loss of homeostatasis | Primary |
| during primary CVA ____ pump becomes ineffective. water enters the cell, cell bursts. | NA-KA |
| cytotoxic edema occurs during ________ CVA | primary |
| onset of primary CVA and duration | 4-5min/2-3hrs |
| what place is a stroke in the leading causes of death? | 3rd |
| without blood supply; brain metabolism is affected in ___sec, stops in __min, and death occurs in ____min | 30,2,5 |
| ___ ______ is a risk factor in which irregular rhythm that allows blood to pool in atria. and for which type of stroke? | atrial fibrillation/ embolic |
| _____ ____ ______ is a risk factor for CVA mainly in AA and hispan. the sickling of the cells cause them to block the vessels which can block the blood flow | sickle cell anemia |
| name 5 street drugs that are risk factors for CVA mahac | marij., anabolic steroids, heroin, amphetamines, cocaine |
| smokin increases risk for what 2 types of strokes? | ischemic and hemmorrhagic |
| _________ allos the brain to maintain a constant flow of blood. | autoregulation |
| the area around the necrotic tissue in the brain is called _______. and it can live _-_hrs with reserve blood flow. | penumbra/2-3/ |
| penumbra occurs during __________ CVA | secondary |
| ________ can become functional w/ restored blood flow. during secondary | penumbra |
| _________ response is in the secondary CVA. it inhibits natural clot buster and inactivates anti-clotting factors | inflammatory |
| ischemic strokes are classified as what 3 types of strokes? and it is accountable for ____% of all strokes | Thrombus (clot), Emboli (Afib), Stenosis(plaque)/87 |
| what is a mini stroke and lasts under 1 hr and returns to normal?` | TIA |
| with a TIA it is ________ only!!!! No central infarct | penumbra |
| symptoms of TIA ususally last under ________hrs | 24 |
| what is often a sign of an impending stroke? | TIA |
| this type of stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures | hemmorrhagic |
| 2 types of hemmorrhagic strokes | intracerebral and subarachnoid |
| 4 causes of hemorrhagic stroke haat | HTN/ Aneurysms/ Anticoag therapy/ Trauma |
| which type of stroke is the most fatal? | hemorrhagic |
| s/s of this stroke can be HA, vomiting, seizures, LOC (meningitis) | hemorrhagic |
| which stroke alters CSF circulation/absorption? | hemorrhagic |
| CVA s/s can be ______or_____. neuro defictis by location of ______involved | gradual, rapid/tissue |
| loss of half of the visual field of one or both eyes is ___________ (it may be visual, tactile or auditory) | hemianopia |
| the inability to recognize one or more subjects that were previously familiar is __________ | agnosia |
| the inability to carry out some motor pattern (ex. drawing pic/ getting dressed) even when strength & coordination are adequate is ________________ | apraxia |
| the inability to use or understand language is___________ | aphasia |
| motor speech problem in which one can understand what is being said but can respond only in short phrases is ___________ | expressive aphasia |
| expressive aphasia is also called ______________ | broca's aphasia |
| a sensory speech prob. in whic one cannot understand the spoken and/ written word. speech may be fluent but w/ innappropriate content is ____________ | receptive aphasia |
| receptive aphasia is also called __________ | wernicke's aphasia |
| language dysfunction in both understanding and expression is _____________ | mixed/ global aphasia |
| any disturbance in muscular control of speech is ___________ | dysarthria |
| paralysis of left/right half of body is _______ | hemiplegia |
| weakness of the left/right half of body | hemiparesis |
| alter ability to interpret, integrate and attend to sensory data is_________ _________ | sensoriperceptual deficits |
| decubitus, thermoregulation, vision disturbances and neglect syndrome are all ____________ __________ | sensoriperceptual deficits |
| CT scan _____ contrast! | without |
| labs to check for strokes ccfc | cbc, cmp, fsbs, coags |
| interventions for stroke iocnp | iv, o2, CM, NIBP, pulse ox |
| medication that must be given within 3 HOURS of on set of symptoms of stroke is ? 2names and age requirement? | fibrinolytic therapy, TPA/ 18yrs or older |
| what 3 drugs prevent futther clot fomation but DO NOT DISSOLVE CLOTS? | COUMADIN, HEPARIN, LOVENOX |
| do not give anticoagulants and tPA in what type of strokes? | hemorrhagic |
| surgical treatment which involves evacuation of hematoma and vascular repair is ___________ and is used for which type of stroke? | craniotomy/ hemorrhagic |
| surgical treatment that prevent or restore blood flow__________________ and is used for which type of stroke? | carotid endarterectomy/ ischemic |
| post op for carotid endarterectomy? anvh | abc's neuro assess, vitals, hemorrhage |
| physical function can improve for up to _________ months (rehab for stroke) | 3 |
| a referral for families and patients w strokes | national stroke association |
| ____________ mimics a stroke | hypoglycemia |
| NIH is also called ? | cincinatti prehospital |
| main/big nursing diagnosis for stroke? | ineffective cerebral perfusion |
| cranial nerves IX & X | gag and swallowing reflex |
| cranial nerves V & VII | blink, corneal reflex, facial grimacing and frowning |
| cranial nerves III, IV, & VI | follows finger in all visual fields |
| cranial nerves II & I | checked w/ pupillary response |
| name the 5 "give me 5's" | walk, talk, vision, reach, feel |
Created by:
myisha