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Transition Metals
Properties, Complex Ion
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 4 features of Transition Elements: | They have variable Oxidation States, They show Catalytic Activity, They form Coloured ions and they form Complex Ions with Ligands. |
| Define Transition Element: | Forms at least 1 stable Ion with a Partially filled D Sub-Shell. |
| What is a Complex Ion? | This is when a transition metal is surrounded by other ions or molecules and bonded by co-ordinate bonds. |
| Define Ligand: | An atom, ion or molecule with lone pairs of electrons which can use these lone pairs to form Dative Covalent bonds with a metal ion. |
| What is the Coordination Number: | The number of ligands which surround a Metal Ion. |
| What are the three types of Ligand: | Unidentate, Bidentate and Multidentate. |
| Unidentate: | A ligand which is capable of forming 1 Coordinate bond (H2O, NH3, Cl-, OH- etc). |
| Bidentate: | A ligand which is capable of forming two coordinate bonds (Ethan-1,2-Diamine etc). |
| Multidentate Ligands: | Ligands which are capable of forming more than 2 coordinate bonds. Such as EDTA4-/ |
| Name a Multidentate ligand and give a use for it: | EDTA4-, used in medicine to remove Transition metals from body as it forms 6 coordinate bonds. |
| Describe how Haemoglobin is a Fe2+ ion surrounded by a multidentate ligand. | |
| What are the four shapes of complex ions I am likely to come across: | Octahedral, Tetrahedral, Square Planar and Linear. |
| How do Octahedral shapes come about? | Smaller ligands (such as H2O or OH- etc) can fit 6 of themselves around a Metal ion, and the maximum amount of bonds will be formed in order to release the max amount of energy. |
| How do Tetrahedral or Square Planar shapes come about? | The larger Ligands, such as Cl-, do not allow as many as the small to be around one metal ion so, a max of 4 will be around these ions. |
| Name the two common ions that are Tetrahedral: | [CoCl4]2- and [CuCl4]2- |
| Name the anti cancer drug that is Square planar: | Cis-Platin. |
| Name a simple linear complex and its use: | [Ag(NH3)2]+, used in Tollens reagent. |
Created by:
mjwilson1988
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