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Chem
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Radioactivity | The spontaneous emission of particles (example; alpha or beta) or rays (gamma) from unstable atomic nuclei |
| Ion | A charged atom or group of atoms; bonded together with an electric charge |
| Isotope | Having the same number of protons but different number of neutrons |
| Orbital | A volume of space in an atom that is occupied by one or two electrons |
| Electron configuration | The arrangement of an atom's electrons in its energy levels |
| Valence electron | Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom |
| Octet rule | Atoms tend to have eight electrons in the outermost shell, or try to |
| Lone Pair | A pair of unshared electrons in the valence shell of an atom: nonbonding pair |
| Electronegativity | The attraction of an atom in a molecule or a bonding pair of electrons |
| Quantum | A discrete unit of energy: one photon |
| Who discovered radioactivity and why doing what? | Becquerel; He was experimenting with fluorescence and sunlight when he used uranium and if fogged his photographic film without any sunlight. Which meant radiation from the uranium caused it. |
| Particles emitted during decay | Positives, negatives, neutrals |
| Proton | positive charged particle with the mass of 1 u located in the nucleus. |
| Neutron | Neutral particle with the mass of 1 u located in the nucleus |
| Electron | negative charged particle with the mass of 1/1837 u located outside the nucleus |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus |
| Bohr's explanation of line spectra | Electrons cannot have any amount of energy, but specified amounts with a specified value called energy levels. Jumping to the next level by absorbing a quantum of energy. By giving up a quantum it can go to the lower energy level. |
| Bohr's definition of quantum | a tiny unit of energy whose value depends on the frequency of radiation |
| energy level | a specified energy value for an electron. Same as today |
| Ground state | Atoms with their electrons at their situated state |
| excited state | Source supplied energy; causing the electrons to jump energy levels |
| Why atoms share electrons | Each atom wants to fill it's octet |
Created by:
MrScheib
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