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SHAPES AND MOLE7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| C60 SOMETIMES | CALLED A BUCKYBALL. |
| C70 MOLECULES ARE SHAPED LIKE | A RUGBY BALL HAS 25 HEXAGONS. |
| EVAPORATION OF A MOLECULE OF C60 C70 IN BENZENE PRODUCES | RED CRYSTALS.2 C60 BUCKY BALLS CAN BE JOINED BY A FOUR MEMBERED CARBON RING TO MAKE C120. |
| C60 C70 ARE | . FULLERENES |
| C60 C70 ARE LIKE ALKENES COZ | ADDITION REACTIONS, WITH HYDROGEN AND HALOGENS ,C60 CAN BE POLYMERISED. |
| WHY CAN C60/70 BE IMPORTANT FORM MEDICINE | A ATOM/ION CAN BE TRAPPED BETWEEN CARBON BALLRADIOACTIVE ARGON-224 ATOMS ARE TRAPPED INSIDE C60 MOLECULES AND COATED WITH TUMOUR TARGETING ANTIBODIES = |
| INJECTED INTO CANCER PATIENT. THE TREATED C60 IS ABSORBED BY THE CANCER CELLS - THE RADON ATOMS EMIT ALPHA RAYS WHICH DESTROY THE CANCER BUT HAVE SHORT RANGE OF RAYS SO DOE’S HARM OTHER ORGANS. | |
| WHY DOES C-60 WORK IN TREATING CANCER | IT’S ABSORBEDBY CANCER CELL. RADON EMMMITS ALPHA WHICH DESTROYS CANCER |
| CARBON NANOTUDES ARE | CYLINDER OF INTERLOCKING HEXAGONS OF CARBON ATOMS. ONE END SEALED WITH FULLERENE MOLECULE , THE RADIUS IS A FEW NANOMETERS. |
| WHY ARE NANOTIBES SO SLIM | THE RADIUS IS A FEW NANOMETERS/ |
| NANOTUBES CAN BE USED TO | DELIVER DRUGS TO SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY. |
| CLUSTERS OF CARBON NANOTUDES | ARE ONE HUNDRED TIMES AS STRONG AS STEEL WIRE –HAVE DELOCALISED ELECTRONS AND CAN CONDUCT ELECTRICITY. |
| SILICON HAS A | SILICON CARBIDE DIAMOND LIKE STRUCTURE – HAS 4 CARBON ATOMS SURROUNDED BY 4 SILICON ATOMS. |
| QUARTZ SIO2 IS A | GIANT ATOMIC LATTICE EACH SILICON BONDED TO 4 OXYGEN AND EACH OXYGEN HAS 2 SILICON. |
| ALL GIANT ATOMIC SUBSTANCES HAVE VERY HIGHER METING POINT COZ | COVALENT BONDS HAVE TO BE BROKEN WHEN -SOLID IS MELTED OR SUBLIMED. |
| DIAMOND AND GRAPHITE SUBLIME AT | OVER 3500DEGREES CELSIUS. AND QUARTS MELT AT 1610DEGREES CELSIUS. |
| GIANT ATOMIC SUBSTANCES ARE HARD BECAUSE | COVALENT BONDS, USEFUL AS ABRASIVES E.G. SANDPAPER COATED WITH GRAINS OF QUARTZ, ABRASIVE CARBORUNDUM IS MADE OF SILICON CARBIDE. |
| ABRASIVE CARBORUNDUM MADE OF | SILICON CARBIDE. |
| SIMPLE MOLECULES FORMED BY | N2 O2 S8,P4 ,HALOGEN IN GROUP 7 ALL DIATOMIC. FONPSCL. |
| FORCES BETWEEN ELEMENTAL ELEMENTS ARE | DISPERSION, THEY ALSO FORM SIMPLE MOLECULE STRUCTURES E.G. ALKANE , ALKENE , HALOGENOALKANES , HYDROGEN SUPLIDEH2S, PHOSPHORUS TRICHLORIDE PCL3 PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE AND SF6. |
| THE FORCES ARE DIPSPERISON IF | MOLECULE IS POLAR & PERMANENT DIPOLE DIPOLE. |
| MELTING AND BOILING INTERMOLECULAR FORCES ARE WEAK SO | SIMPLE MOLECULAR SUBSTANCES HAVE LOW MELTING AND BOILING TEMPS. |
| THE BOILING POINTS OF NOBLE GASES | INCREASE DOWN THE GROUP HELIUM LOWEST. |
| WHY DOES BP INCREASE DOWN A GROUP | BECAUSE OF DISPERSION FORCES. AND THE STRENGTH OF FORCES INCREASE AS... NUMBER OF ELECTRONS INCREASES. |
| BOILING TEMP OF ALKANES INCREASE AS THE NUMBER OF | CARBON ATOMS INCREASE,. THE LARGE MOLECULES HAVE MORE POINTS OF CONTACT MORE DISPERSION FORCES SO TOTAL DISPERSION FORCE IS GREATER. |
| MORE POINT OF CONTACT MEANS | MORE DISPERSION FORCES |
| DIPERSION FORCES INCREASE | AS NO OF ELECTRON INCREASE |
| THE BOILING POINTS OF HYDROGEN HALIDES HCL-HI, INCREASE DUE TO STRENGTH OF | DISPERSION FORCES INCREASES AS NUMBER OF ELECTRONS MORE. BUT H-F IS ANOMALOUS IT FORMS INTERMOLECULAR HYDROGEN BONDS. |
| H-F ,H2O,COOH ACIDS,NH3,AND ORGANIC AMINE ARE | HYDROGEN BONDED |
| FOR THEM TO BOIL MOLECULES MUST BE | SEPERAETED INVOLVES BREAKING THE HYDROGEN BONDS & DISPERSION FORCES. |
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ufuoma
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