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Spine
Lumbar Spine, Sacrum & Coccyx
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the name of the portion of the lamina located between the superior and inferior articular process? | Pars Interarticulars |
| The superior and inferior vertebral notches join together to form the..... | Intervertebral Foramina |
| Which radiographic postion best demonstrates the intervertebral foramina? | Lateral |
| What is the name of the small foramina found in the sacrum? | Pelvic Sacral Foramina |
| What is the name of the anterior and superior aspect of the sacrum that forms the posterior wall of the pelvic inlet? | Promontory |
| What is another term for the Sacral horns? | Cornu |
| The sacroiliac joints lie at an oblique angle of __________ degrees to the coronal plane. | 30 |
| What is the formal term for the "tail bone"? | coccyx |
| What is the name for the upper broad aspect of the coccyx? | base |
| What is the classification of the Zygapophyseal joint? | Synovila |
| What is the classification of the intervertebral joints? | Cartilaginous |
| What is the mobility type of the zygapophyseal joint? | Diarthrodial |
| What is the mobility type of the intervertebral joint? | Ampithrodial |
| What is the movement type of the zygapophyseal joint? | Plane or Sliding |
| What is the degree of obliquity required for an oblique projection at the T12-L1 level? | 50 degrees |
| what is the degree of obliquity required for an oblique of L5-S1? | 30 degrees |
| What is the degree of obliquity required for the general lumbar spine? | 45 degrees |
| The ASIS is located at the level of? | S1-2 |
| At what level is the Xiphoid process located? | T9-10 |
| At what level is the lower costal margin located? | L2-3 |
| At what level is the Iliac Crest located? | L4-5 |
| At what level is the symphysis pubis located? | Tip of coccyx |
| Which two structures can be evaluated to detemine whether rotation is present on a radiograph of an AP lumbar spine? | Spinous process & SI Joints |
| How much roation is required to properly visualize the zygapophyseal joints at the level of L5-S1? | 30 degrees |
| Which specific zygapohyseal joint is demonstrated with an LAO position of the Lumbar spine? | Right |
| Which specific zygapophyseal joint is demonstrated with an LPO position of the Lumbar spine? | Left |
| Which specific zygapophyseal joint is demonstrated with an RAO position of the Lumbar spine? | Left |
| Which specific zygapophyseal joint is demonstrated with an RPO position of the Lumbar spine? | Right |
| What is the central ray angle for a lateral lumbar spine on a patient with a wide pelvis and narrow thorax? | 5-8 degrees caudad |
| How should the spine of a patient with scoliosis be postioned for a lateral postion of the lumbar spine? | with the sag or convexity of the spine closest to the IR |
| Why should the knees and hip be flexed for an AP lumbar spine projection? | Reduce the lumbar curve and open intervertebral disk space |
| Where is the central ray centered for a lateral L5-S1 projection of the lumbar spine? | 1 1/2" inferior to crest & 2" posterior to ASIS |
| What type of central ray angulation is required for an AP axial L5-S1 projection on a male patient? | 30 degrees cephalad |
| Which side of the spine should be elevated for the second exposure for the ferguson scoliosis series( by having patient stand on a block with one foot) | Convex Side |
| How much central ray angulation is required for an AP projection of the sacrum for a typical male patient? | 15 degrees cephalad |
| Where is the central ray positioned for an AP projection of the coccyx? | 2" superior to symphysis pubis |
| Patients should be asked to empty the bladder before performing which projections of the vertebral column? | AP of Sacrum & coccyx |
| Which Sacroliliac joint is visualized with the RPO Lumbar postion? | Left |
| How much rotation of the body is required for oblique postions of the SI joints? | 25-30 degrees |
| What type of CR angle is recommended for the AP axial projection of the SI joints on a female patient? | 35 degrees cephalad for females |
| Where is the CR centered for an oblique projection of the SI joints? | 1" medial from upside of ASIS |
| compared to the spinous processes of the cervical and thoracic spine, the lumbar processes are....... | Larger and more blunt |
| What is the name for the anterior ridge of the upper sacrum? | Promontory |
| How much obliquity is required on a posterior oblique of the sacroiliac joint? | 25-30 degrees |
| How much rotation of the spine is required to demonstrate the zygapophyseal joint space between L1-2? | 50 degrees from the plane of the table |
| What type of central ray angulation should be used for the lateral L5-S1 projection if the waist is not supported? | 5-8 degrees caudad |
| What type of central ray angulation should be used for an AP axial projection for L5-S1 on a female patient? | 35 degrees cephalad for females |
| Where is the central ray centered for an AP axial projection for L5-S1? | Level of ASIS at midline |
| Which projection or method is designed to demonstrate the degree of scoliosis deformity between the primary and compensatory curves as part of a scoliosis study? | PA, Ferguson |
| Which projections are designed to measure anteroposterior movement at the site of a spinal fusion? | Hyperextension & Hyperflexion |
| Where is the central ray centered for an AP projection of the sacrum? | 2" superior to symphysis pubis |
| What is the joint classification for lumbar the Zygapophyseal Joints? | Synovial |
| What is the joint classification for the lumbar Intervertebral Joints? | Cartilaginous |
| What is the mobility type for the lumbar Zygapophyseal Joints? | Diarthrodial |
| What is the mobility type for the lumbar Intervertebral Joints? | Amphiarthrodial |
| What is the joint classification for the Atlantoocipital Joint? | Synovial |
| What is the joint classification for the C2-T12 intervertebral Joints? | Cartilaginous |
| What is the joint classification for the C2-T12 zygapophyseal Joints? | Synovial |
| What is the mobility type for the C2-T12 intervertebral Joints? | Amphiarthrodial |
| What is the mobility type for the C2-T12 zygapophyseal Joints? | Diathrodial |
| What is the joint movement type for the C2-T12 zygapophyseal Joints? | Plane |
| What is the joint mobility type for the Atlantoocipital Joint? | diathrodial |
| What is the joint movement type for the Atlantoocipital Joint? | Ellipsoid |
| What is the joint classification type for T1-12 costovertebral joints? | synovial |
| What is the joint mobility type for T1-12 costovertebral joints? | Diathrodial |
| What is the joint movement type for T1-12 costovertebral joints? | Plane |
| What is the joint classification type for T1-10 costotransverse joints? | Synovial |
| What is the joint mobility type for T1-10 costotransverse joints? | Diathrodial |
| What is the joint movement type for T1-10 costotransverse joints? | Plane |
Created by:
Sukioshii