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AP chap 19
blood vessels
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| histologically, the ___ is squamous epithelium supported by a sparse connective tissue layer. | tunica intima |
| the circulatory route that runs from the digestive tract to the liver is called___ | hepatic portal circulation |
| which of the following blood pressure reading s would be indicative of hypertension? | 170/96 in a 50 year old man |
| the velocity of blood flow is___ | slowest in the capillaries because the total cross sectional area is the greatest |
| which of the choices below does not involve tissue perfusion? | blood clotting |
| fenestrated capillaries____ | are not found in the brain |
| what do the ductus arteriosus and the foramen ovale become at birth? | ligamentum arteriosum; fossa ovalis |
| in the dynamics of blood flow through capillaries, hydrostatic pressure____ | is the same as capillary blood pressure |
| which of the following signs of hypovolemic shock is a relatively late sign? | rapidly falling blood pressure |
| which of the choices below reflects the balance or imbalance between the direction and amount of fluid that flows across the capillary walls? | hydrostatic and osmotic pressure |
| which tunic of an artery contains endothelium? | tunica intima |
| which of the following is not one of the three main factors influencing blood pressure? | emotional state |
| the short term controls of blood pressure mediated by the nervous system and bloodborne chemicals primarily operate via all but which of the following? | altering blood volume |
| which of the following is true about veins? | veins are called capacitance vessels or blood reservoirs |
| brain blood flow autoregulation____ | is abolished when abnormally high co2 levels persist |
| normal average blood pressure for a newborn baby is___ | 90/55 |
| a patient with essential hypertension might have pressure of 200/120 mm hg. this hypertensive state could result in all of the following changes except____ | decreased size of the heart muscle |
| if blood pressure is almost normal in a person who has lost blood, does that mean the tissues are receiving adequate blood flow? | not neessarily |
| the form of circulatory shock known as hypovolemic shock is____ | shock that results from large scale loss of blood volume or after severe vomiting of diarrhea |
| which of the choices below does not explain why low capillary pressures are desirable? | low blood pressure is more desirable than high blood pressures |
| which of the following do not influence arterial pulse rate? | the vessel selected to palpate |
| modified capillaries that phagocytes are called____ | sinusoids |
| which of the choices below explains why the arterioles are known as resistance vessels? | the contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle in their walls can change their diameter |
| cerebral blood flow is regulated by____ | intrinsic autoregulatory mechanisms |
| a thrombus (blood clot) in the first branch of the arch of the aorta would affect the flow of blood to the ___ | right side of the head and neck and right upper arm |
| which tunic of an artery is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure and continuous blood circulation? | tunica media |
| which of the following chemicals does not help regulate blood pressure? | nitric acid |
| the arteries that directly feed into the capillarty beds are called____ | arterioles |
| factors that aid venous return include all except___ | urinary output |
| peripheral resistance___ | increases as blood viscosity increases |
| secondary hypertension can be caused by___ | arteriosclerosis |
| select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure | excess red cell production would cause a blood pressure increase |
| the arteries that are also called distributing arteries are the____ | muscular arteries |
| which of the following processes provides a long term response to changes in blood pressure? | renal regulation |