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Ap Chap 18
The Heart
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the ____ | Left atrium |
| select the correct statement about cardiac output. | a slow heart rate increases end diastolic volume, stroke volume, and force of contraction |
| if the length of the absolute refractory period in cardiac muscle cells was the same as it is for skeletal muscle cells))) | tetanic contractions might occur,which would stop the hearts pumping action |
| select the correct statement about heart valves | the AV valves are supported by chordae tendineae so that regurgitation of blood into the atria during ventricular contraction does not occur. |
| which of these vessels receives blood during ventricular systole? | both the aorta and pulmonary trunk |
| when viewing a dissected heart, it is easy to visually discern the right and left ventricles by___ | noticing the thickness of the ventricle walls |
| if cardiac muscle is deprived of its normal blood supply, damage would primarily result from___ | decreased delivery of oxygen |
| compared to skeletal muscle cardiac muscle | has gap junctions that allow it to act as a functional syncytium |
| which of the following factors does not influence heart rate? | skin color |
| to auscultate the aortic semilunar valve, you would place your stethoscope in the ___ | second intercostal space to the right of the sternum |
| hemorrhage with a large loss of blood causes____ | a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output |
| select the correct statement about the function of myocardial cells | the entire heart contracts as a unit or it does not contract at all. |
| small muscle masses attached to the chordae tendineae are the | papillary muscles |
| norepinephrine acts on the heart by-__ | causing threshold to be reached more quickly |
| foramen ovale | connects the two atria in the fetal heart |
| which of the following is not an age related change affecting the heart? | thinning of the valve flaps |
| The term for pain associated with deficient blood delivery to the heart that may be caused by the transient spasm of coronary arteries is ____ | angina pectoris |
| isovolumetric contraction_____ | refers to the short period during ventricular systole when the ventricles are completely closed chambers |
| if we were able to artificially alter the membrane permeability of pacemaker cells so that sodium influx is more rapid, ___ | threshold is reached more quickly and heart rate would increase |
| if the vagal nerves to the heart were cut, the result would be that ___ | the heart rate would increase by about 25 beats per minute |
| select the correct statement about the structure of the heart wall. | the myocardium is the layer of the art that actually contracts |
| the source of blood carried to capillaries in the myocardium would be the____ | coronary arteries |
| during the period of ventricular filling____ | blood flows passively through the atria and the open AV valves into the ventricles |
| the time of day most hazardous for heart attacks is_____ | morning |
| which of the events below does not occur when the semilunar valves are open? | ventricles are in diastole |
| which of the following is not part of the conduction system of the heart? | AV valve |
| the second heart sound is heard during which phase of the cardiac cycle? | isovolumetric relaxation |
| the fact that the left ventricle of the heart is thicker than the right ventricle reveals that is___ | pumps blood against a greater resistance |
| the p wave of a normal electrocardiogram indicates____ | atrial depolarization |
| normal heart sounds are caused by which of the following events? | closure of the heart valves |
| the left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right wall in order to____ | pump blood with greater pressure |
| during contraction of the heart muscle cells____ | some calcium eenters the cell from extracellular space and triggers the relase of larger amounts of calcium from intracellular stores |
| commotion cordis is heart failure due to a ___ | relatively mild blow to the chest t htat occurs during a vulnerable interval (2ms) when the heart is repolarizing |
| which vessel of he heart receives blood during right ventricular systole? | pulmonary trunk |
| the tricuspid valve is closed____ | when the ventricle is in systole |
| damage to the ___ is referred to as heart block | AV node |
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