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Study Stack 3
Social Studies Ch. 5 Section 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the area that stretches from the central part of Mexico south to include the northern part of Central America? | Mesoamerica |
| What is the name of the people group that developed a remarkable civilization in the Mesoamerica region? | Maya |
| In what year did the Maya begin settling in the lowlands of what is now northern Guatemala? | 1,000 BC |
| What type of vegetation covered the area that the Maya clear to grow crops? | tropical forest |
| What types of crops did they grow? | beans, squash, avocados, and maize (or corn) |
| What did the forests provide for the Maya? | valuable resources like the forest animals for food and the trees and plants made good building materials |
| Where did the early Maya live? | small isolated villages |
| As Maya villages grew, what did they begin to build? | large cities |
| What is the time period in which the Maya civilization reached its height? (the dates and name of the period) | between 250 and 900 AD |
| How many cities made up the Maya territory during the Classic Age? | 40 cities |
| What did each city have rather than being controlled as one empire? | government and king |
| What linked the Maya cities? | trade |
| What goods were available in the warm lowlands? | cacao (made chocolate) and cotton |
| What resource was available in the cool highlands? | valuable stones like jade and obsidian |
| Describe the types of building you would see in a Maya City. | Palaces, stone Pyramids, and Temples |
| What was the name of the city that the temple was built to honor King Pacal? | Palenque |
| What did the Maya build for public gatherings? | canals, paved large plazas, and open squares |
| What did farmers use to shape hillsides into terraces for growing crops? | stone walls |
| What did most every city have that was used for playing a special ball game? | stone court |
| What happened to the winners and losers of this game? | winners received jewels and clothes, and losers were killed |
| What were the two main forces that heavily influenced Maya daily life?(2 answers) | social structure and religion |
| Who held the highest position in the Maya society? | the king |
| What did Maya believe about their kings? | that their kings were related to the gods |
| What type of authority did a Maya king have? | religious and political authority |
| Who else was a part of the upper class of the Maya? | Priest, rich merchants, and noble warriors |
| What class did most Maya people belong to? | lower class |
| Who made up most of the Maya lower class? | farming families |
| How did the lower class Maya pay their rulers? | they gave them part of their crops and goods |
| What were the responsibilities of the lower class? | constructed buildings, served in the army, farmed, hunted, crafted tools, cared for children, cooked, made yarn, and woven clothes |
| Name some of the different gods the Maya worshipped. | creator, sun god, moon goddess, and maize god |
| What 2 things did the Maya believe about their gods? | they could be helpful, harmful, and controlled every aspect |
| What did they believe the gods needed to prevent disaster or the end of the world? | they need blood |
| How was the blood for the gods obtained? | by piercing their tongues, skin, and sacrifices |
| What led the Maya to impressive advances in science? | religious beliefs |
| What knowledge did the Maya gain to develop 2 calendars? | astronomy |
| How many days were on the calendar used in farming activities? | 365 days |
| How many days were on the calendar used for religious events? | 260 days |
| What were the Maya able to measure due to their skilled mathematics? | time |
| The Maya were the first civilization to come up with the symbol for what number? | zero |
| What was the Maya writing system like and what did they write on? | symbols used to represent objects and sounds; wrote on barked paper books |
| What did the Maya make from jade and gold? | jewelry |
| What type of huge architectural buildings did the Maya create? | huge temple pyramids |
| When did the Maya civilization begin to decline? | 900's AD |
| What are some of the factors historians believed caused the decline? (4 answers) | - burden of the common people - increased warfare between cities - could not produce enough food to feed everybody - climate change |
| Where did the Mayan civilization revive later on? | Yucatan Peninsula |
Created by:
clt08